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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Integumentary function |
◦Prevents dehydration ◦Prevents bacterial & viral infection (chemical & physical barrier) ◦Regulates body temperature ◦Vitamin D synthesis (Needed to absorb calcium in the digestive tract) ◦Blood reservoir (Blood can be shunted to other organs in need e.g. skeletal muscles) ◦Excretion – Water, salt, ammonia, urea, and uric acid are excreted in sweat ◦Sensation |
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Skin |
Is a waterproof, stretchable, Auto-repairing, coat that lasts a lifetime |
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Nails |
Hard keratinized protein |
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Hair |
Composed of Keratinized protein secreted by cells |
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Epidermis |
Superficial thinner portion composed of stratified squamous epithelium (replenished ~25-45 days) ◦ Five layers (From top to bottom) |
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Stratum corneum |
◦Protect skin from abrasion and penetration ◦Glycolipids provide waterproofing ◦40 lbs shed in a lifetime ◦Too far from blood vessels for diffusion so cells die |
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Stratum lucidum |
◦Clear layer ◦Only a few cell layers thick ◦Found only in thick skin ◦Palms of hands ◦Fingertips ◦Soles of feet |
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Stratum granulosum |
◦(Granular layer) ◦3-5 cell layers thick ◦KERATINOCYTES –keratin producing cells |
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Stratum spinosum |
◦Prickly layer ◦Langerhan’s cells abundant in this layer (macrophage) |
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Dermis |
oThe second, deeper part of the skinoDermal Structures:oAdipose cells (Fat cells)ohair folliclesoNerves endings oGlandsoPigment cells |
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Whiteheads |
occurs whenduct is blocked byaccumulated sebum andstaphylococcus infectionbegin. |
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Sebaceous glands |
•Located all over bodyexcept palms and soles. •Secrete sebum whichlubricates and softenshair and skin, preventswater loss, and hasbactericidal properties |
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Blackheads |
whenwhitehead oxidizes and driesout |
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Sudoriferous glands |
Exists all over the skin except nipples and part of external genetilia. Has two types |
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Apocrine |
Sweat glands in the: •areola •nipples of the breast, •armpit •ear •some parts of the external genitalia |
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Apocrine |
Secreted into hair follicles beginning at puberty Contains true sweat, lipids, and proteins and appears viscous with a white/yellow hue odorless upon secretion, but bacteria decompose molecules forming body odor Increase of secretions during pain, stress, or sex |
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Ceruminous glands |
Found in the external ear canal Secretes cerumen or ear wax which deters insects and blocks entry of foreign material |
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Mammary gland |
modified apocrine glands which secrete milk |
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Ecrine glandx |
Most abundant sweat gland covers most of the body 99% water, remaining solutes are sodium chloride, vitamin C, urea, uric acid, ammonia, and lactic acid (which attracts mosquitoes) |
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Hair |
A keratin based structure that grows from follicles found in the dermis and extend up to the epidermis Found all over body except palms, soles, lips, nipples, and genitalia |
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Body hair |
main function is to detect insects before they bite or sting |
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Function of hair |
◦Hair on the scalp prevents heat loss, UV protection, and protects against trauma ◦Eyelashes shield eyes from foreign particles ◦Nose hair filters air entering respiratory passages |
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Goosebumps |
Trap air close to skin for warmth Make us appear larger to predators |
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Meissner’s corpuscles |
Light touch |
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Pacinian corpuscles |
Deep pressure |
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Bare nerve endings |
pain heat cold |
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Nails |
◦Analogous to hooves or claws of other animals ◦protecting the fingertip and the surrounding soft tissues from injuries ◦serves to enhance precise delicate movements of the distal digits through counter-pressure exerted on the pulp of the finger. |