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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Monocyte
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Large phagocytic blood cell with one nucleus
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Macrophage Large
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white blood cell derived from monocyte, eats bacteria and other foreign mater
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Mast cell
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immune cell in tissues taht releases histamine to start a local inflamation
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Eosinophil
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a white blood cell that attacks parasites
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Neutrophil
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the most abundent white blood cell , responds to infection and engulfs bacteria
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Basophil
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its a white blood cell that releases histamine
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Phagocytosis -
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phagocyte runs to the bacteria, then wraps it with a membrane then create
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Complement protein
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proteins in blood that complememnt aka inhance or destroy bacteria like antibodies
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Histamine
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substance produced by immune cells that causes cappilaries to open up
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location of lymph system points
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Spleen, chest, neck, abdomen and pelvis
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Inflamatory response to injury
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1.Damaged cells and mast cells in the area release histamine
and other substances 2.Complement proteins from plasma diffuse out of leaky capillaries. 3.Phagocytes squeeze through capillary walls, attack and engulf bacteria and debris. |
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Third line of defense
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The Immune response
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characteristics of the immune response
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Recognizes foreign bacterium and pathogens, has a memory
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Antigen
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any substance that triggers an immune response
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Phagocytosis
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1.Wastes and debris are
discarded. 2.Phagocyte surrounds bacterium. 3.Bacterium becomes enclosed in vesicle. 4.Vesicle fuses with lysosomes 5.Lysosomal enzymes digest bacterium. 6.Wastes and debris are discarded. |
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MHC
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Major Histocompatibility Complex proteins
Self-antigens that are on human cell surfaces enabling recognition of “self” Enable immune system to distinguish “self” from “nonself” |
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B lymphocytes
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already in the body and respond to foreign substances in the blood
they stay in the bone marrow and can travel through the cardiovascular system |
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T lymphocytes
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Cell-mediated immunity
they migrate to the and mature in the coordinate the immuse response active against parasityes and virus both have orginated by stem cells |
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When B cells activated, they divide into two cell types
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Memory cells – store information for future immune responses
Plasma cells – actively secrete antibodies that bind to antigen |
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T cells
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Originate from stem cells in the bone marrow
Mature in Thymus gland |
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Types of T cells
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Helper T cells and Memory T cells
Cytotoxic T cells and Suppressor T cells |
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APCs include
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Macrophages
B cells |
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pericardium is
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the membrane sap that fills with fluid around the heart providing lubrication so the heart doesnt rub against other organs
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Artery
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is a blood vessel that carries away from the heart
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viens
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carry blood to the heart
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Arteole
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is a small artery
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a venule is
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a small vien
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Cappulery is
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the smallest blood vessles in the body thats where the body exchanges gasses and food stuffs and where the cells are working
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A sphincter is
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a ring like muscle that can lock down to prevent backflow of the blood
after going thru the sphincter the blood goes through the capularies and then heads to the viens |
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White blood cells called
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leukcyes
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Red blood cells
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erythocytes, when they go thru the cappulary they are squeezed then pop out in a ring
Platlets form clots to prevent bleeding |
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Coronary arteries and caronary viens
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very fine that go from the aorta that provide the heart oxygen itself
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cardiac cycle-
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diastolye
ventrical systole when the heart retracts a lub is the closing of the valves during the systole a dub is the closing of semi lunar valves during diastole SA refering to Syno atrial nov Cardiac pacemaker sys relax dys retract |
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Four primary tissues
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Epithelia
Connective tissues Muscle Nervous |
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Epithelial Tissues
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Line body cavities and cover surfaces
Glandular epithelia Epithelial cells adapted to make up glands Exocrine glands Secrete into ducts to exterior of body Endocrine glands Secrete into the blood to carry chemical messages throughout the body |
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Shape
Squamous Epithelial |
Flattened cells
Line vessels, part of lungs, body surface |
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Cuboidal
Epithelial |
Cube shaped
Form lining of tubules, glandular tissue |
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Columnar
Epithelial |
Column shaped
Line respiratory, digestive, reproductive tracts |
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Number of layers
Simple/single–layered epithelial |
Adapted for diffusion across cell barriers
Line glands, and respiratory, digestive, reproductive systems |
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Stratified/multiple–layered
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Provide protection, as in the skin surface
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