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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Thermodynamics |
Describes the relationship among various forms of energy and how energy effects matter on the macroscopic level. Will tell us if the process is possible, and if it will be spontaneous. Does not determine the rate at which it occurs. |
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Entropy |
acts as a measure of the disorder associated with the atoms or molecules that make up a substance. Increases with increasing temp. |
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Second Law of thermodynamics |
the entropy of an isolated system increases. |
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Equilibrium Constant |
the measure of the ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations at equilibrium. |
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First Law of thermodynamics |
the energy of an isolated system is constant |
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Isolated System |
Does not exchange energy of matter with the outside. |
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Closed System |
If it exchanges energy but not matter. |
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Open System |
If it exchanges energy and matter. |
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Energy |
Capacity to do work |
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Entropy |
Disorder |
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Enthalpy |
H, closely related to energy Change in H = Change in E. Related to the amount of heat content in the system. |
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Extensive properties |
Thermodynamic properties that are directly related to the amount of stuff present. |
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Intensive properties |
Not directly related to mass. |
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Gibbs Free energy |
G=H-TS . reaction will be spontaneous and proceed to the right if and only if change in G < 0. If delta G = 0 then Keq = 1. delta G < 0 then Keq >1 (exergonic and spon). delta G > 0. then Keq < 1 (endergonic and not spon) |
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Coupled reactions |
when you add two reactions together, you add their delta G as well. Happens with ATP a lot. |
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Other high energy compounds |
Creatine phosphate, phosphoenolpyruvate. |