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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Integumentary System |
From the external body covering, and protects deeper tissues from injury. Synthesizes vitamin D, and houses cutaneous (pain, pressure) receptor and sweat and oil glands. |
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Skeletal System |
Protect and supports body organs, and provides a framework the muscle use to cause movement. Blood cells are formed. |
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Muscular System |
Allows manipulation of environment locomotion and facial expression. Maintains postures and produce heat. |
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Nervous System |
As the fast acting control system of the body, it responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands. |
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Endocrine System |
Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth reproduction, and nutrients use (metabolism) by body cells. |
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Cardiovascular System |
Blood system transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients wastes, etc. The heart pumps blood. |
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Lymphatic System/ Immunity |
Pick up fluid leaked from blood vessels and return it to blood. Dispose of debris in the lymphatic stream. Houses white blood cells (lymphocytes) involved in immunity the immune response mounts the attacks against foreign substances within the body. |
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Respiratory System |
Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxides. The gaseous exchanges occur through the walls of the air sacs of the lungs |
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Digestive System |
Breaks down food into absorbable units that enters the blood for distribution to body cells. Indigestible food stuff are eliminated as faces |
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Urinary System |
Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood. |
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Male and Female Rep |
Overall function is production of offspring. Testes produce sperm and male sex hormone, and male ducts and glands aid in delivery of sperm to the female reproductive tract. Ovaries produce eggs and female sex hormones. The remaining female structures serve as sites for fertilization and development of the fetus. Mammary glands of female breasts produce milk to nourish the newborn. �������������������������������������������������������
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1. Maintainingboundaries between internal and externalenvironments
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•Plasmamembranes
•Skin |
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2. Movement(contractility)
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•Of body parts (skeletal muscle)
•Of substances (cardiac and smooth muscle) |
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3.Responsiveness:The ability to sense and respond to stimuli
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•Withdrawalre flex
•Control of breathing rate |
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4.Digestion
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•Breakdown of ingested foodstuffs
•Absorption of simple molecules into blood |
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5.Metabolism:All chemical reactions that occur in body cells
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•Catabolism and anabolism
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6.Excretion:The removal of wastes from metabolism and digestion
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•Urea,carbon dioxide, feces
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7.Reproduction
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•Cellular division for growth or repair
•Productionof offspring |
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8.Growth:Increase in size of a body part or of organism
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Growth: Increase in size of a body part or of organism
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1.Nutrients
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•Chemicalsfor energy and cell building •Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, vitamins
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2.Oxygen
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•Essentialfor energy release (ATP production)
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3.Water
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•Most abundant chemical in the body
•Site of chemical reactions |
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4.Normal body temperature
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•Affectsrate of chemical reactions
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5.Appropriate atmospheric pressure
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•Foradequate breathing and gas exchange in the lungs
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Homeostasis
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•despite continuous outside changes
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1.Receptor(sensor)
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•Monitors the environment
•Responds to stimuli (changes in controlled variables) |
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2.Controlcenter
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•Determines the set point at which the variable is maintained
•Receives input from receptor •Determines appropriate response |
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3.Effector
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•Receives output from control center
•Provides the means to respond •Response acts to reduce or enhance the stimulus (feedback) |
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Negative Feedback (low blood volume)
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•The response reduces or shuts off the original stimulus
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Negative Feedback: Regulation of BloodVolume by ADH
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•Receptors sense decreased blood volume
•Control center in hypothalamus stimulates pituitary gland to release anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) |
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Positive Feedback
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•The response enhances or exaggerates the original stimulus
•May exhibit a cascade or amplifying effect •Usually controls infrequent events •Enhancement of labor contractions by oxytocin •Platelet plug formation and blood clotting |
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Frontal |
Forehead |
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Orbital |
Eye |
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Nasal |
Nose |
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Oral |
Mouth |
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Mental |
Chin |
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Cervical |
Throat |
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Axillary |
Armpit |
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Mammary |
Breast |
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Sternal |
Breast Bone |
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umbilical |
Belly Bottom |
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Pelvic |
Top of the Groin |
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Inguinal |
groin |
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Pubic |
Genital |
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Acromial
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Upper arm |
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Brachial
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Arm |
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Antecubital
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Top of the forearm |
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Antebrachial
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Forearm |
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Carpal
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Wrist |
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Manus
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Hand |
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Palmar
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Palm |
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Pollex
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Thumbs |
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Digital
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Fingers |
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Coxal |
Hip |
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Femoral |
Thigh |
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Patellar |
Knee |
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Crural |
Leg |
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Fibular or Peronea |
the side of the leg |
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Pedal |
foot |
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Tarsal |
ankle |
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Metatarsal |
before the toes |
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Digital |
toes |
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Hallux |
Big Toe |
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(Hand) Metacarpal |
back of the hand |
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Femoral |
thigh |
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popliteal |
back of the knee |
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Sural |
calf |
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Calcaneal |
Heel |
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Plantar |
in front of the heel |
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Otic |
ear |
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occipital |
back of head |
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Cervical |
neck |
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Dorsal |
Back |
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Scapular |
Shoulder blade |
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Vertebral |
Spinal cord |
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Lumbar |
side of the back |
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Sacral |
Tail bone |
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Gluteal |
Ass |
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Perineal |
anus |
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Frontal Plane |
Front Side |
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Median plane |
Middle side |
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Transverse plane |
but in the middle of the torsal |