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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
adenosine phosphate
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blah
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p. ?
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amino acid
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Organic compound with an amino group (NH2), a carboxylic acid group (COOH), and a side group bonded covalently to the same carbon atom. Subunit of proteins.
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p. 42
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antioxidant
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Enzyme or cofactor that can help neutralize free radicals, which may otherwise damage DNA and other molecules of life.
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p. ?
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archaea
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Evolutionarily distinct domain of prokaryotic organisms.
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p. ?
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ATP
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(Adenosine triphosphate.) Nucleotide made of adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups; main energy carrier in cells.
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p. 46
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carbohydrate
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blah
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p. ?
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cleavage
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Early stage of animal development. Mitotic cell divisions divide a fertilized egg into many smaller, nucleated cells; original volume of egg cytoplasm does not increase.
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p. ?
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coenzyme
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Small molecule that participates in an enzymatic reaction, that is reversibly modified during the reaction (e.g., a vitamin)
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p. 46
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compound
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Molecule consisting of two or more elements in unvarying proportions.
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p. ?
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condensation reaction
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Covalent bonding of two molecules into a larger molecule, often with the formation of water as a by-product.
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p. 35
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connective tissue
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Most abundant, pervasive animal tissue. Specialized types are cartilage, bone tissue, adipose tissue, and blood.
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p. ?
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cytoskeleton
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Interconnected system of protein filaments that structurally supports, organizes, and moves a eukaryotic cell and its internal structures.
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p. ?
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denaturation
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The three-dimensional shape of a protein or some other complex molecule unravels as its hydrogen bonds are disrupted.
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p. 44
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disaccharide
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A common oligosaccharide; two covalently bonded sugar monomers.
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p. ?
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disease
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Illness caused by an infectious, dietary, or environmental factor.
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p. ?
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DNA
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(Deoxyribonucleic acid.) Carries the primary hereditary information for all living organisms and many viruses.
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p. 46
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electron transfer chain
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Array of membrane-bound enzymes and other molecules that accept and give up electrons in sequence; allows the release and capture of energy in small, useful increments.
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p. ?
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energy
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Capacity to do work.
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p. ?
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enzyme
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A type of protein (or, rarely, RNA) that accelerates a chemical reaction.
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p. 35
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fat
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Type of lipid with a glycerol head attached to one, two, or three fatty acid tails.
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p. 40
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