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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another.
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Trait
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Term used to describe organisms that producce offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate.
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True-Breeding
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Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell.
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Fertilization
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Scientific study of heredity.
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Genetics
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Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits.
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Hybrid
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Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait.
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Gene
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One of a number of different forms of a gene.
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Allele
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Seperation of alleles during gamete formation.
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Segregation
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Specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction.
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Gamete
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Likelihood that a particular event will occur.
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Probability
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Diagram showing the gene combinations that might result from a genetic cross.
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Punnett Square
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Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait.
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Homozygous
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Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait.
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Heterozygous
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Physical characteristics of an organism.
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Phenotype
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Genetic makeup of an organism.
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Genotype
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Indepenedent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes.
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Independent Assortment
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One allele isn't completely dominant over the other.
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Incomplete Dominance
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Both alleles contribute to the phenotype of an organism (blend together).
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Codominance
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3 or more alleles of the same gene.
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Multiple Alleles
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Traits controlled by 2 or more genes.
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Polygenic Traits
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Chromosomes that each have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite-sex parent.
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Homologous
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Cell that contains both sets of homlogous chromosomes.
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Diploid
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Cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes and one set of genes.
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Haploid
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Number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the seperation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell.
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Meiosis
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A structure that contains 4 chromatids formed during meiosis.
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Tetrad
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Homologous chcromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.
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Crossing-Over
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Diagram that shows relative locations of each known gene in a particular chromosome.
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Gene Map
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