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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name the three types of plant cells
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parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma
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What are parenchyma cells?
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The most abundant type of cell in plants, they make food by photosynthesis and store food in a large central vacuole. Their walls are thin and flexible so the cells have different shapes.
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Identify and analyze the function of vascular tissue. Name the two different types of vascular tissue.
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Vascular tissue transports water, food, and dissolved minerals throughout the plant. Xylem and phloem.
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What are sclerenchyma cells?
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Cells with very thick walls. These cells usually die at maturity but the walls still support the plant.
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What are collenchyma cells?
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Long cells with unevenly thick walls, which stretch as the cells grow. They are found in the areas of the plant which are growing. They provide strength and support to the plant.
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Explain the function of stomata.
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Stomata control the exchange of gases (carbon dioxide, oxygen, water vapor)
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Identify and indicate where the apical meristems would be located on a plant. How do they function differently from lateral meristems in the development of a plant?
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Apical meristems are found at the tips of stems and roots. Lateral meristems increase stem and root diameter; apical meristems increase root and stem length.
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Explain what type of plant cell you would expect to find in the photosynthetic tissue of a leaf. What is another name for the photosynthetic tissue?
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parenchyma; because it can contain chloroplasts, but sclerenchyma and collenchyma do not; ground tissue
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Compare and contrast the cells that make up the xylem and the phloem.
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Xylem and phloem are both composed of cylindrical cells. Xylem cells are dead at maturity and can be vessel elements (open cells) or tracheids (closed cells), whereas phloem cells are alive and grow end to end.
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in plants, the outermost layer of flattened cells that covers and protects all parts of the plant.
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epidermis
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openings in leaf tissues that control gas exchange
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stomata
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cells that control the opening and closing of the stomata; regulate the flow of water vapor from leaf tissue.
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guard cells
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hairlike projections that extend from a plant's epidermis; help reduce water evaporation and may provide protection from herbivores.
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trichome
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vascular plant tissue composed of tubular cells that transport water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant
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xylem
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tubular cells in the xylem that have closed ends and are dead at maturity.
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tracheids
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hollow, tubular cells in the xylem; conduct water and dissolve minerals from the roots to the stem; have open ends through which water passes freely from cell to cell.
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vessel element
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vascular plant tissue made up of tubular cells joined end to end; transports sugars to all parts of the plant.
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phloem
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tubular cells in phloem; each cell lacks a nucleus.
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sieve tube members
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nucleated cells that help transport sugars and other organic compounds through the sieve cells of the phloem.
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companion cell
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lateral meristem that produces new xylem and phloem cells in the stem and roots.
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vascular cambium
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regions of actively dividing cells in plants
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meristem
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regions of actively dividing cells near the tips of roots and stems; allows roots and stems to increase in length.
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apical meristem
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lateral meristem that produces a tough protective covering for the surface of stems and roots.
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cork cambium
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