Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Anatomy
|
Study of the STRUCTURE of the body and individual parts –“How is the body made?”
|
|
Physiology
|
Study of FUNCTION of the body parts and overall function of body – “How does the body work?”
|
|
Pathology
|
Study of ABNORMAL STRUCTURES that result of disease
|
|
Pathophysiology
|
study of Abnormal FUNCTION of body or individual parts as a result of disease
|
|
Difference between SYMPTOMS and SIGNS
|
Symptoms are taken from the patient interview
Signs: the provider gathers through examining the patient |
|
how does the scientific method contribute to the development of our understanding.
|
It is the process of collecting data via observation/experimentation, then formulating a hypothesis and testing it for validity or falesness. It also offers the experiment to provide an explanation of FALSIFIABILITY. Based on the experimenters findings, other qualified experimenters can try and replicate the findings to confirm or deny.
|
|
hierarchy of organization (7 things)
|
Organism
Organ System Tissue Cells Organelles Molecules Atoms |
|
Briefly Explain
Organism Organ System Organ Tissue Cells Organelles Molecules Atoms |
Organism- a complete individual
Organ System- group w/ a unique collective function (we have 11) Organ- structure of 2 + tissue types working together to carry out a particular function Tissue - Mass of similar cells Cells - smallest units of an organism that carryout all the basic functions of life (smallest considered alive) Organelles - composition of molecules (Protein, Lipids, DNA) Molecules- a particle composed of at least two atoms Atoms - the smallest particle with unique chemical identites |
|
4 Tissue Types
|
Epithelial
Connective Nervous Muscular |
|
Dissection
|
The careful cutting and separation of tissue to reveal their relationships
|
|
Gross Anatomy
|
The structure that can be seen with the naked eye
(vs microscopic anatomy) |
|
Histology
|
Observation of cells under a microscope. Take tissue, thinly slice & stain,
|
|
Cytology
|
is the study of the structure & FUNCTION of individual cells
|
|
Comparative Anatomy -
|
Study of more that one species = structural similarities and differences; and evolutionary trends
|
|
Comparative Physiology
|
study of how diff species have solved problems (like water balance and reproduction. Also the bases for developing new drugs & med. procdures
|
|
why it is important to recognize variations of “normal” anatomy?
|
must understand normal anatomy to recognize the abnormal
|
|
8 characteristics of life/living things
|
Organization
Cell Construction Metabolism -anabolism - catabolism Responsiveness Homeostasis Development - growth - differentiation Reproduction Evolution |
|
Define
1) Organization 2) Cell Construction (8 characteristics) |
1) great deal of energy is spent on maintaining order - breakdown can lead to disease or death
2) living matter is always compartmentalized into one or more cells |
|
Define
3) Metabolism -anabolism - catabolism (8 characteristics) |
3) living things take in molecules from the enviro & chemically change them to form their own structures, Metabolism is the sum of all internal change.
- Catabolism is the breakdown of structure - Anabolism is the reverse, putting things together and causing growth |
|
Define
4) Responsiveness 5) Homeostasis (8 characteristics) |
4) ability to sense and react to stimuli (from cells to entire body)
5)The bodies ability to detect change, activate mechanism that opposes it and thereby maintain relatively stable internal conditions |
|
Define
6) Development - growth - differentiation (8 characteristics) |
6) any change in form and function over the lifetime of cells that are commited to a particular task
- growth: an increase in size. growth in the body occurs through chemical change (metabolism) - differentiation: "1 cell turns into the eyes, skin, nose, etc" |
|
Define
7) Reproduction 8) Evolution (8 characteristics) |
7) reproduce
8) genetic change from generation to generation |
|
Situs Inversus
|
organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavity are reversed.
|
|
Negative Feedback (and example)
|
change in the opposite direction, produces a corrective effect to maintain a dynamic equalibrium
Ex: Thermoregulation - to hot, blood vessels dilate, to cold, they constrict |
|
Positive Feedback (and example)
|
is a self amplifying cycle that leads to even greater change in the same direction
Ex: Labor & Delivery |
|
Identify the 9 abdominal regions (I used telephone keypad grid)
|
1 & 3) Hypochondriac Region
2) Epigastric Region (epi means above) 4 & 6) Lateral Abdominal Region 5) Umbilical Region 7&9) Inguinal Region 8) Hypogastric Region |