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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
an important change that had taken place in England during the 1500s
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England had become a Protestant country in which the Bible was freely availabel to all
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Queen Elizabeth I
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the Queen of England during from 1558 to 1603; the Queen who called for a Bible to be placed in every churech
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John Wycliffe
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the Englishman who exposed false doctrines of the Roman church and had the entire Bible translated into English for the first time
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William Tyndale
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his English translation of the Bible circulated widely in Britain during the 1500s
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Henry VIII
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the English king who broke all ties between England and the Roman church, making the English Reformation official
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Magna Carta
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the charter signed by King John of England which helped to prepare England for limited government
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1497
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John Cabot explores the Atlantic coast of North America and claims the land for England
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John Cabot
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the English explorer who clamed the Atlantic coast of North America for England
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Francis Drake
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the first Englishman to sail around the world
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Sir Humphrey Gilbert
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a English adventurer who made many unsuccessful attempts to plant colonies in North America; he drowned at sea
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Sir Walter Raleigh
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the Englishman who tried to start a colony in Ronoke; the first colony was abandoned and the second was lost
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John White
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the governor of Ronoke
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Virgina Dare
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the first English child to be born in America
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"Croatoan"
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the word carved on a tree in Ronoke that was the only clue to the fate of the Ronoke colony
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joint-stock company
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when several businessmen invest in a single company to support a venture
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King James I
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the English king who granted a charter allowing two joint-stock companies to undertake colonization in Virgina
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the London Company
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the company that was supposed to settle in southern Virgina and was centered in London
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the Plymouth Company
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the company that was supposed to settle in northern Virgina and was located in Plymouth
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the important provision outlined for the colonists in the charter
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colonists were to enjoy the same rights andl liberties as Englishmen abiding in the home country
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1607
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the Susan Constant, the Godspeed, and the Discovery caring over 100 settlers sail into Chesapeake Bay
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Jamestown
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the first permanent English settlement in the New World
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Jamestown's problems
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the low-lying land was mararia-infested, the river water was contaminated, hostile Indians troubled the colony, and most of the settlers were either too lazy to work or too proud to do common labor
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common-store system
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Jamestown's biggest problem; each man was required to place the fruit of his labor in a common store hous and each was entitled to receive food and supplies fro the storehous according to his need
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communal
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belonging to the community
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America's first experiment with a form of socialism
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failed miserably
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Captain John Smith
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saved the colony of Jamestow from self-destruction and establish the policy that any who would not work should not eat
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"starving time"
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the winter of 1609-1610
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John Rolfe
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one of the moset famous Virginia settlers who married the Indian princess; he introduced the Virginia coloniests to the growing of tobacco
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Pocahontas
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the Indian princess who John Rolfe maried
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tobacco
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the crop that John Rolfe introduced to the Virginians
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indentured servant
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one who entered into an agreement by which he had his passage to Americas paid by an established colonists; in return, the servant was obligated to to work for his benefactor with out pay for an agreed-upon period of time, usually four to seven years, before becoming a free man
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free enterprise or capitalism
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when a government leaves individuals free to own businesses and make a living dependent on their own enterprise; would become a cornerstone of America's greatness
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enterprise
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initiative
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1619
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the first women arrived in Virgina
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first Africans in Virgina
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arrived on a Dutch ship that came from Africa with a cargo of about 30 black servants to be sold to the settlers
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burgesses
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delegates
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House of Burgesses
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an assembly of delegates from the various districs of Virgina that advised the governor of the colony and assisted him in making lows; set an important precedent for representative government
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royal colony
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a colony owned by the king and administered by his royal governor
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dissenters
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those who did not conform to the Church of England
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Puritans
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those who wished to "purify" the Church of England
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"Separatists"
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those who wanted to separate from the Church of England
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Scrooby, England
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Separatists from this village decided to move to Holland
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John Robinson
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the pastor who led the Separatists from Scrooby to Leyden
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Pilgrims
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the courageous people who left all to come to the American wilderness
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1620
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the Pligrims board the Mayflower in Plymouth, England
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Mayflower
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the Pilgrim ship that set sail for the New Word from Plymouth, England
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"Strangers"
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the passengers abord the Mayflower that were not Separatists
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"New England"
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the Pligrims landed far to the north of Virgina in an region they called "New England"
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Cape Cod
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the harbor that the Mayflower landed in
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Mayflower Compact
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a document that set an improtant precedent for representative government
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"Plymouth Rock"
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the boulder which tradition says the Pligrims used as a stepping stone
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Squanto
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an Indian who spoke English and acted as a guide and interpreter and taught the Pilgrims to hunt, fish, and grow crops
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Samoset
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the Indian who introduced the Pilgrims to Squanto
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Massasoit
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the chief of the Wampanoag Indians
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Miles Standish
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the Stranger who headed Plymouth's military defense force
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John Alden
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the Stranger who rose to a high plitical office
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Wiliam Bradford
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the second governor of the Plymouth Colony; wrote History of Plymouth Plantation and governed for over 30 years
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Council for New England
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the legal controllers of the territory in which the Pligrims had setteled
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communial system
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promoted a lack of diligence and efficinecy
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what made Plymouth a sucessful colony
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faith in God, a strong belief in the Protestant work ethic, and the exercise of the free enterprise system
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what the Pilgrims gave America
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an eraly example of republican self-government; an improtant example for religious liberty
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the signers of the Mayflower Compact
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were all freemen
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General Court
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a body of freemen who met in order to pass laws and conduct the business of the colony
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religious liberty in Plymouth
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all people were free to attend the churches of their choice
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Congregational Church
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the church founded by the Pilgrims that became very important in New England
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