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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Abdominal aorta |
The portion of the descending aorta that extends from the thoracic portion of the aorta to the distal point where the aorta divides into the iliac arteries. Arteries branching from the abdominal aorta Supply the abdominal organs. |
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Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) |
A weekend, ballooned, and enlarged area of the wall of the abdominal aorta |
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Abdominal cavity |
The space located below the diaphragm that extends to the top of the pelvis |
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Acute abdomen |
A shark, severe abdominal pain with rapid onset. Acute abdomen can have a number of causes. |
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Appendicitis |
Inflammation of the appendix |
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Cholecystitis |
Inflammation of the gallbladder |
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Dialysate |
A special fluid used for dialysis |
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Dialysis |
An artificial process used to remove water and waste substances from the blood when the kidneys fail to function properly |
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Dysmenorrhea |
Severe pain or cramps during menstruation |
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Endometriosis |
The condition in which endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus |
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Endometritis |
Inflammation of the endometrium |
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Esophageal varices |
Bulging, engorgement, or weakening of the blood vessels in the lining of the lower part of the esophagus |
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Gastroenteritis |
Inflammation of the stomach and small intestines |
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Genitourinaey system |
Male organ system that includes both the reproductive and urinary structures |
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Guarded position |
A position generally assumed by patients with acute abdominal pain with knees drawn up and hands clenched over the abdomen |
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Gynecology |
Branch of medicine that studies health of the female patient in her reproduction system |
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Hematemesis |
Vomiting of blood |
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Hematochezia |
Bright red blood in the stool |
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Hematuria |
Blood in the urine |
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Hernia |
Protrusion or thrusting forward of a portion of the intestine through an opening or weakness in the abdominal wall |
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Intestinal Obstruction |
Blockage that interrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents |
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Involuntary guarding |
abdominal wall muscle contraction caused by inflammation of the peritoneum that the patient cannot control |
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MARKLE Test |
A test for the presence of peritonitis in which the patient stands on his toes, then drops to his heels, or in which the hills are struck together or struck on the bottom. The drawing of the Torso will elicit pain when the peritoneal Linings are inflamed. |
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Melena |
Dark tarry stools containing decomposing blood normally from the upper gastrointestinal system |
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Menarche |
Onset of menses |
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Menses |
Menstrual period in which the endometrium is sloughed off |
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Mittelschmerz |
Abdominal pelvic pain during the middle of a menstrual cycle that is associated with ovulation |
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Pancreatitis |
Inflammation of the pancreas |
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Parietal pain |
Localized, intense, sharp, constant pain associated with irritation of the peritoneum also called somatic pain |
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Pelvic Inflamatory Disease (PID) |
Inflammation of the female reproductive tract |
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Peritoneum |
The lining of the abdominal cavity |
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Peritonitis |
Irritation and inflammation of the abdominal lining |
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Referred Pain |
Pain that is felt in a body part removed from the point of origin of the pain |
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Rigidity |
See involuntary guarding |
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Somatic Pain |
See parietal pain |
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Ulcers |
Open wounds or sores within the digestive tract |
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Umbilicus |
The navel |
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Urology |
Branch of medicine that studies the urinary system in females and the genitourinary system in males |
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Visceral Pain |
Poorly localized, intermittent, crampy, dull, aching pain associated with Ischmeia, tearing, or distention of an organ |
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Voluntary Guarding |
A deliberate abdominal wall muscle contraction |
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What are the four abdominal quadrants? |
Left upper quadrant, right upper quadrant, right lower quadrant, left lower quadrant |
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What is in the LUQ? |
Contains most of the stomach, the spleen, the pancreas, and the part of the large intestine. They left kidney is behind the abdominal lining. |
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What is in the RUQ? |
Contains most of the liver, the gallbladder, and part of the large intestine. The right kidney is behind the abdominal lining. |
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What is in the RLQ? |
Contains the appendix, part of the large intestine, and the female reproductive organs. The appendix is a worm shaped structure extending from the beginning of the large intestine. |
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What is in the LLQ? |
Contains part of the large intestine and the female reproductive organs. |
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What are the 3 regions? |
Right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac. Right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar. Right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac. |
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Hollow organs |
Hollow organs typically do not have the same amount of blood supply a solid organs, therefore, they tend to not bleed as much as solid organs. |
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Solid organs |
Solid organs are very vascular. They contain a large amount of vessels and blood. Some are covered by thick fibrous capsule (The liver and spleen). When a solid organ is ruptured or injured, it tends to bleed, potentially leading to severe shock. |
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Vascular Structures |
They are large blood vessels found in the abdominal cavity. Portions of the descending aorta and the inferior venacava are located in the abdominal cavity. Rupture injury to either vessel will result in major bleed, rapid blood loss, and death |
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What are the different types of abdominal pain? |
Visceral pain, parietal pain or somatic pain, and referred pain. |
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Read pages 652 |
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