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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
hormone
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substance produced in one part of an organism that affects another part of the same organism
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target cell
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cell that has a receptor for a particular hormone
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exocrine gland
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gland that releases its secretions through tubelike structures called ducts
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endocrine gland
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gland that releases its secretions directly into the bloodstream
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prostaglandin
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hormonelike modified fatty acid produced by a wide range of cells; generally affects only nearby cells and tissues
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pituitary gland
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gland in the base of the skull that secretes nine hormones that directly regulate many body functions and control the actions of several other endocrine glands
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diabetes mellitus
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condition that occurs when the pancreas produces too little insulin, resulting in an increase in the level of blood glucose
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ovary
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in plants, a flower structure that contains one or more ovules from which female gametophytes are produced; in animals, the female gonad that produces eggs
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testis
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male gonad that produces sperm
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puberty
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period of rapid growth and sexual maturation during which the reproductive system becomes fully functional
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scrotum
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external sac containing the testes
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seminiferous tubule
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one of hundreds of tiny tubules in the testes in which sperm are produced
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epididymis
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structure in the male reproductive system in which sperm fully mature and are stored
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vas deferens
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tube that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra
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urethra
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tube that carries urine from the bladder and releases it from the body; in males, tube through which semen is released from the body
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penis
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external male reproductive organ
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follicle
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cluster of cells surrounding a single egg in the human female reproductive system
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ovulation
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process in which an egg is released from the ovary
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fallopian tube
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one of two fluid-filled tubes in human females through which an egg passes after its release from an ovary
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uterus
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organ of the female reproductive system in which a fertilized egg can develop
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vagina
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in the human female reproductive system, a canal that leads from the uterus to the outside of the body
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menstrual cycle
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cycle during which an egg develops and is released from an ovary and the uterus is prepared to receive a fertilized egg
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corpus luteum
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name given to a follicle after ovulation because of its yellow color
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menstruation
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phase of the menstrual cycle during which the lining of the uterus, along with blood and the unfertilized egg, is discharged through the vagina
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sexually transmitted disease (STD)
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disease spread from one person to another during sexual contact
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zygote
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fertilized egg
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implantation
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process in which a blastocyst attaches itself to the wall of the uterus
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differentiation
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process in which cells become specialized in structure and function
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gastrulation
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process of cell migration by which a third layer of cells is formed within the cavity of a blastocyst
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neurulation
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development of the nervous system
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placenta
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organ in placental mammals through which nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and wastes are exchanged between embryo and mother
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fetus
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name given to a human embryo after eight weeks of development
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