Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A self-replicating piece of extra-chromosomal DNA defines a
|
plasmid.
|
|
In repressible operons
|
the substrate and the repressor molecule combine and prevent transcription or productions of the product thus causing the operon to normally be ON
|
|
Match the following: site where RNA synthesis begins on DNA
|
promoter
|
|
The process where the information on mRNA is used to synthesize protein is
|
translation
|
|
Match the following: a gene which is continually expressed
|
constitutive
|
|
An enzyme that is only produced when its substrate is present is an
|
inducible enzyme
|
|
The Ames test is designed to
|
detect chemicals with carcinogenic potential
|
|
Match the following: genetic material that may move from plasmid to chromosome.
|
transposons
|
|
Which is incorrect about inducible operons?
|
They have genes turned off by a buildup of end product.
|
|
Mutations can occur
|
all of the above
|
|
Transduction occurs when
|
The phage genome is incorporated into the host genome
|
|
Viruses that transform cells and cause cancerous growth are called
|
oncogenic viruses.
|
|
The development of virulent, toxin-producing bacterial strains due to the presence of a temperate phage can occur in
|
specialized transduction.
|
|
What would be the mRNA complementary sequence for the following DNA sequence? AATTAGGCC
|
UUAAUCCGG
|
|
In a DNA molecule, opposite strands are
|
complements of one another and are antiparallel
|
|
If nucleotides are added/inserted into an organism's DNA sequence,
|
a frame shite mutation has occurred.
|
|
Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from prokaryotic chromosomes because only eukaryotes have
|
All of the choices are correct.
|
|
The anti-codon is found on the
|
tRNA
|
|
Resistance genes located on transposons
|
all of these
|
|
Match the following: genetic material that may act as a promoter
|
insertion sequences.
|
|
Mutations
|
all of the above
|
|
The operon segment composed of the gene that codes for a protein repressor is called the
|
regulator.
|
|
Plasmids
|
all of the above
|
|
Match the following: Transfer of genetic material via a sex pilus
|
conjugation
|
|
Match the following: Transfer of genetic material via a virus.
|
transduction
|
|
Match the following: requires binding site called pallindromes.
|
Insertion sequences
|
|
The cell component that processes the information on mRNA is the
|
ribosomes
|
|
All of the following are products of transcription except
|
DNA.
|
|
In DNA replication, the enzyme that is used to unwind the helix is
|
Helicase
|
|
Which of the following is incorrect about transfer RNA?
|
The initiator tRNA in bacteria carries tryptophan.
|
|
A sequence of bases on a gene that does not code for protein is called an
|
intron.
|
|
Transfer of DNA by competent cells
|
Transformation
|
|
Match the following: Enzyme that copies during DNA replication
|
DNA Polymerase III
|
|
Which of the following is not true of transposons?
|
are self-replicating
|
|
Match the following:DNA strand configuration
|
anti-parallel
|
|
Which is incorrect about pyrimidines?
|
are only found in DNA, not in RNA
|
|
Which is incorrect about purines?
|
only found in DNA, not in RNA
|
|
Genetic engineering
|
all of the above
|
|
Much of what was previously thought to be "junk" DNA has been found to have which purpose?
|
It codes for RNA regulatory molecules.
|
|
In bacteria, RNA synthesis is initiated at specific sites called
|
promoters.
|
|
A phage often establishes a state of _________ in which a portion of the viral nucleic acid is incorporated into the bacterial chromosome or a bacterial plasmid.
|
lysogeny
|
|
Semi-conservative replication refers to
|
an original parent DNA strand and one newly synthesized DNA strand comprising a new DNA molecule.
|
|
The site where the old DNA strands separate and new DNA strands will be synthesized is called the
|
replication fork.
|
|
All of the following are true about mutation except
|
they are always detrimental to the organism they occur in.
|
|
Damaged DNA can be repaired by
|
all of these
|
|
A term meaning genetic change is
|
mutation
|
|
Match the following: RNA that contains information for more than one protein.
|
polycistronic
|
|
The ability of living bacterial cells to incorporate DNA fragments from outside the cell into their own genome is
|
transformation
|
|
The process where DNA molecules are copied to RNA is
|
transcription
|
|
Which enzyme is mismatched with its function in DNA replication.
|
RNA polymerase- synthesizes RNA primers.
|
|
A set of genes under the control of the same regulatory elements defines an
|
operon
|
|
Match the following: Self-replicating extra-chromosomal DNA
|
plasmid
|
|
DNA polymerase III
|
synthesizes new DNA only in the 5` to 3` direction.
|
|
Which of the following is not true of bacterial DNA replication?
|
occurs within the membrane-bound nucleus.
|
|
The enzyme that copies DNA is called
|
DNA polymerase 3
|
|
The anti-parallel arrangement within DNA molecules refers to
|
one helix strand that runs from the 5` to 3` direction and the other strand runs from the 3` to 5` direction.
|
|
The enzymes that can proofread replicating DNA, detect incorrect bases, excise them, and correctly replace them are
|
DNA polymerases.
|
|
A mutation that changes a normal codon to a stop codon is called a
|
Nonsense mutation
|
|
RNA molecules differ from DNA molecules because only RNA
|
All of the choices are correct.
|
|
Which enzyme that fills in the spaces between the Okazaki fragments with the correct nucleotides?
|
DNA ligases
|
|
DNA polymerase reads DNA
|
in a 3` to 5` direction only.
|
|
The nucleotides of RNA are
|
A, U, G, C
|
|
Individuals with xeroderma pigmentosa lack a functioning
|
photolyase.
|
|
The enzymes that help pack DNA into the cell by coiling the DNA into a tight bundle are
|
DNA gyrases.
|
|
Groups of three consecutive bases along the DNA of a gene have the code for one
|
amino acid.
|
|
The following pertain to ribosomes during protein synthesis except they
|
contain codons within their rRNA molecules.
|
|
If a codon for alanine is GCA, then the anti-codon is
|
CGU
|
|
A type of control mechanism where the product produced in the pathway inhibits its own production at the enzyme level is called
|
negative feedback inhibition.
|
|
The transfer of DNA by direct contact between cells is
|
conjugation
|
|
The DNA of microorganisms is made up of subunits called
|
nucleotides.
|
|
The process where genetic information is carried to a new cell via a bacteriophage is
|
transduction
|
|
If the sequence of ATCGCACCT is copied from DNA to DNA what would the sequence be?
|
TAGCGTGGA
|
|
Match the following: enzyme that joins DNA fragments during replication
|
Ligase
|
|
Pallindromes are
|
repreated inverted DNA sequences within a chromosome or plasmid.
|
|
If a strand of mRNA is being copied by more than one ribsome at a time it forms a
|
polysome
|
|
The duplication of a cell's DNA is called
|
replication.
|
|
Match the following: insertion or deletion of DNA base
|
frame shift mutation
|
|
Synthesis of an inducible enzyme requires
|
substrate bound to repressor.
|
|
Match the following: Discontinuous replication
|
Okasaki fragments
|
|
All of the following pertain to transcription except it
|
occurs on a ribosome in the cytoplasm.
|
|
Transcription begins at a site called
|
promoter
|
|
Match the following: Jumping genes
|
Transposons
|