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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How many bones are there in the (average)
human body? |
206
phalanges=56 carpals and tarsals= 16 + 14 = 30 vertebrae=33 |
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List the two main divisions of the skeleton.
|
Axial skeleton
Appendicular skeleton |
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List the (3) basic components of the axial
skeleton. |
Skull
Vertebral Column Thoracic cage |
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List the (4) basic components of the
appendicular skeleton |
Pectoral girdle
Upper limbs Pelvic girdle Lower limbs |
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What do we call the 8 bones of the skull that
protect the brain? |
Cranium
|
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What do we call the 14 bones of the skull
that protect and support the entrances to the digestive and respiratory tracts? |
Facial bones
|
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What two bones form (each side of) the
hard palate? |
Maxilla
Palatine bone |
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What is a synonym for the skullcap?
|
Calvaria
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What small, U-shaped bone lies superior to
the larynx and is the body’s only bone that does not articulate with another bone? |
Hyoid bone
|
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What is the function of the fontanelles
(fontanels)? |
Allow distortion of the skull growth
|
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What is the collective term for the tiny
bones of the middle ear? |
Auditory ossicles
|
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List these bones from lateral (tympanum) to
medial (oval window).-(Auditory ossicles) |
Malleus
Incus Stapes |
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In what bone, and in what particular
region/part of this bone, would I find the middle and internal ear? |
Temporal bone
Petrous part/region |
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What do we call the large, circular opening
in the occipital bone for passage of the spinal cord? |
Foramen magnum
|
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What is the name of the bony depression in
the sphenoid bone that holds the pituitary gland? |
Hypophyseal fossa
|
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What is the name of the bony enclosure of
this depression?Hypophyseal fossa |
Sella turcica
|
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Through what opening of the sphenoid bone
is the optic nerve transmitted? |
Optical canal/foramen
|
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What is the name of the teardrop shaped
passageway between the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid bone that transmits 4 cranial nerves pass (III, IV, V1, and VI)? |
Superior orbital fissure
|
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What ‘round’ hole passes through the
sphenoid bone anteriorly, exiting below the orbit and behind the maxilla, transmitting the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve passes (V2)? |
Foramen rotundum
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What ‘oval’ hole passes through the floor of
the greater wing of the sphenoid transmits the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (V3)? |
Foramen ovale
|
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Through what openings in the portion of the
anterior cranial floor formed by the ethmoid bone do the olfactory nerve fibers pass before they enter the nasal epithelium? |
Cribriform foramina
|
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What hole in the mandible is found on the
medial side of the mandibular ramus and transmits the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve as it heads towards your teeth and chin? |
Mandibular foramen
|
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What two regions contribute to the primary
curvatures of the spine and in what direction does the open side of the curve face? |
Thoracic and Sacral
Anteriorly |
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What two regions contribute to the
secondary curvatures of the spine and in what direction does the open side of the curve face? |
Cervical and Lumbar
Posteriorly |
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List the regions of the vertebral column and
the number of vertebrae associated with each |
Cervical – 7
Thoracic – 12 Lumbar – 5 Sacrum – 5 Coccyx – 4 (3-5) |
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Through what vertebral landmarks of the
cervical vertebrae do the vertebral arteries and veins travel? |
Transverse foramina
|
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What is the name of the C1 vertebra?
|
Atlas
|
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What is the name of the C2 vertebra?
|
Axis
|
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During development the body of C1 fuses to
the body of C2. What do we call the resulting projection that serves to allow rotation between these two vertebrae? |
Dens / Odontoid process
|
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What do we call the landmarks of the
thoracic vertebrae with which our ribs articulate? |
Costal facets
|
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What do we call the first seven pairs of ribs
that connected to the sternum by a separate costal cartilage? |
True ribs
|
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What do we call ribs 8-12 because they do
not attach directly to the sternum (they either share a connection or lack one)? |
False ribs
|
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What do we call ribs 11 and 12 because
they lack any connection to the sternum? |
Floating ribs
|
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What part of the sternum, the last to ossify
(possibly as late as 40), can be broken by strong pressure and may potentially damage the liver (justifying attempts to avoid this during CPR)? |
Xiphoid process
|
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What two bones articulate to form the only
direct (skeletal or ligamentous) connection between the pectoral girdle and the axial skeleton? |
Clavicle and Manubrium
|
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What is the name of our shoulder socket?
|
Glenoid cavity/fossa
|
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List and differentiate between the two necks
of the humerus |
-Surgical neck
Distal to tubercles -Anatomical neck Surrounds head |
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What landmark near the proximal end of the
radius serves as the insertion of the biceps brachii muscle? |
Radial tuberosity
|
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What landmark on the proximal end of the
ulna serves as the insertion of the triceps brachii muscle? |
Olecranon (process)
|
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What portion of the articular condyle of the
humerus articulates with the radius? |
Capitulum
|
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What portion of the articular condyle of the
humerus articulates with the ulna? |
Trochlea
|
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In what feature of the proximal ulna does
the radius pivot during pronation? |
Radial notch (of the ulna)
|
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What is the name of the hip socket?
|
Acetabulum
|
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What landmark on the posteroinferior
aspect of the pelvis serves as the common origin for all 3 hamstring muscles (as well as part of the origin of the adductor magnus)? |
Ischial tuberosity
|
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What is the name of the expanded portion of
the pelvis between the iliac crests and above the iliopectineal line? |
Greater (false) pelvis
|
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What is the name of the constricted portion
of the pelvis, inferior to the iliopectineal line? |
Lesser (true) pelvis
|
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What opening of the pelvis is bordered by
the superior base of the sacrum, the iliopectineal line, and the superior border of the symphysis pubis? |
Pelvic inlet
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What opening of the pelvis is bordered by
the coccyx, the ischial tuberosities, and the inferior border of the symphysis pubis? |
Pelvic outlet
|
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The above term is for the skeletal
components(Pelvic outlet.) What feature of the living person shares these same boundaries? |
Perineum
|
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The angle inferior to the symphysis pubis
(subpubic angle) helps us quickly determine if a pelvis is male or female. Describe the difference. |
Female – Wider, arched, >100 degrees
Male – Narrow, angular, < 90 degrees |
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What landmark of the tibia serves as the
common insertion for the 4 quadriceps femoris muscles? |
Tibial tuberosity
|
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Describe the difference in bone number, in
both the hand and foot, between the first digit and the other digits. |
-First digit has 2 phalanges
Proximal and distal -Others have 3 phalanges Proximal, middle, and distal |