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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Symptom |
Complaints that CANNOT be felt or observed by others |
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Sign |
Objective conditions that can be seen, heard, felt, smelled, or measured by others |
You can touch a stop sign |
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Scene Size Up |
Evaluation of the conditions in which you will be operating |
Potential or actual scene hazards and threats, decide whether additional resources are needed |
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Traumatic Injuries |
Result of physical forces applied to outside of body. Object striking body or body striking the object |
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Mechanism of Injury (MOI) |
Type or amount of force, how long it was applied, where it was applied to the body. |
Falls, motor vehicle accident, assaults, industrial accidents |
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Nature of Illness (NOI) |
Illnesses or conditions not caused by outside force |
Seizure, myocardial infarction (H.A.), diabetic problems, poisonings |
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Chief Complaint |
Determining the general type of illness or injury often best described by the patient |
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Standard Precautions |
Protective measures recommended by the CDC dealing with objects, blood, body fluids, other exposure risks to communicable diseases |
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Triage |
Process of sorting out patients based on severity of condition |
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Primary Assessment |
Identify signs of life threats and immediately work to correct them, determine priority of patient care and transport |
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LOC |
Level of consciousness |
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Perfusion |
Circulation of blood within an organ or tissue to provide necessary oxygen |
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AVPU Scale |
Tests a patients responsiveness:
Awake and alert, Verbal stimuli, Pain response, Unresponsive |
Awake and alert, Verbal stimuli, Pain response, Unresponsive |
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Orientation |
Test patients mental status by checking memory or thinking ability. Remember 4 things: Person- their name Place- current location Time- current year, month, approximate date Event- describe what happened MOI or NOI |
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Spontaneous Respiration’s |
Patient breathing without assistance |
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Hypoxia |
lack of oxygen, low blood oxygen, oxygen starvation |
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Normal Oxygenation |
94%-99% |
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Labored Breathing |
Breathing gets difficult requires progressively more effort |
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Retractions |
Indentation above the clavicles and spaces in between the ribs during labored breathing |
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Circulation impairment |
Blood loss, shock, conditions that affect the heart and major blood vessels |
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Circulation Evaluation |
Assessing patients mental status, pulse, skin condition |
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Cyanosis |
Insufficient air exchange and low oxygen in blood cause blood and vessels to become blue, causing skin, lips, nail beds to appear blue |
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Skin with High Blood Pressure |
Abnormally flushed and red |
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Jaundice |
Patients skin and sclera turn yellow. Possible cause liver disease or dysfunction |
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Sclera |
Normally white portion of the eye, may show color changes before skin color change is visible |
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Skin feels cool |
Possible early shock, mild hypothermia, or inadequate perfusion |
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Diaphoretic |
Skin is wet, moist or clammy |
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Hypoperfusion |
Low blood pressure |
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Vasoconstriction |
Narrowing of blood vessels |
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DCAP-BTLS |
Deformity, Contusions, Abrasions, Punctures, Burns, Tenderness, Lacerations, Swelling |
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High Priority Patients |
Unresponsive, poor general impression, difficulty breathing, uncontrolled bleeding, responsive but unable to follow commands, severe chest pain, pale skin or signs of poor perfusion, complicated child birth, severe pain in any area of the body |
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Suspect shock in patient if: |
Exhibiting tachycardia and pale, cool, clammy skin. Transport Immediately |
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Primary Assessment |
Identify and initiate treatment of immediate or potential life threats |
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General Impressions |
Age, Sex, Race, Level of distress, Overall Appearance |
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PEARRL |
Pupils, equal and round, regular in size, react to light |
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History taking |
Chief Complaint and account of patients signs and symptoms |
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Open ended question examples |
What seems to be the matter? Or what is bothering you the most today? |
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OPQRST “O” |
Onset- what were you doing when the symptoms began? |
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OPQRST “P” |
Provocation-does anything make it better or worse? How are you most comfortable? |
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OPQRST “Q” |
Quality- what does the symptoms feel like? Is it sharp, dull, crashing, tearing? Does it come in waves? Ask the patient to describe the symptoms. |
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OPQRST “R” |
Region/radiation- where do you feel the symptom? Does it move anywhere? |
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OPQRST “S” |
Severity- on a scale of 0-10, how would you rate your symptom? |
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OPQRST “T” |
Timing- has the symptoms been constant or coming and going? How long have you had the symptom? When did it start? |
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Pertinent Negatives |
Important negative findings |
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SAMPLE “S” |
Signs and symptoms- what signs and symptoms occurred at the onset of the incident? Does the patient report pain? |
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SAMPLE “A” |
Allergies- is patient allergic to any food, medications, or other substance? What reaction did patient have? No allergies report it as NKA |
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SAMPLE “M” |
Medications- what meds is patient prescribed? |
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SAMPLE “P” |
Pertinent past medical history- does patient have history of medical, surgical, or trauma occurrences? Has patient had a recent illness, fall, or blow to the head? Important family history? |
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SAMPLE “L” |
Last oral intake- when did the patient last eat or drink? What did patient eat or drink? How much was consumed? Any oral intake in last 4 hours? |
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SAMPLE “E” |
Events leading up to injury or illness? What are key events leading? What happened between onset and your arrival? What was patient doing when illness or injury started? |
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SAMPLE |
Signs and symptoms Allergies Medications Pertinent past medical history Last oral intake Events |
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