Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Carnot Cycle
|
1. reverible isothermal expansion at T2
2. reversible adiabatic expansion 3. reversible isothermal compression at T1 4. reversible adiabatic expansion |
|
efficiency
|
-w/q
work done by sys/heat supplied |
|
Second Law of Thermodynamics
|
-dS can only be positive or zero
-positive for spontaneous -zero for reversible -entropy increases when there is spontaneous change -heat withdrawn can not be transformed completely into work with no other effect -transferring heat from colder to warmer requires work |
|
Boltzmann formula for entropy
|
S = kln(microstates)
states 3rd law of thermodynamics |
|
Third Law of Thermodynamics
|
entropy of pure substance in equilib state approaches zero at absolute zero temp
|
|
dS reversible constant V
|
dS = (Cv)(ln(T2/T1))
|
|
dS reversible constant P
|
dS = (Cp)(ln(T2/T1))
|
|
dS reversible isothermal
|
dS = qrev/T
for ideal gas: dS = nRln(V2/V1) |
|
dS reversible adiabatic
|
qrev = 0
dS = 0 |
|
free energy
|
G = H - TS
dS system + dS surroundings negative = spontaneous positive = not spontaneous |