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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
matter
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anything that has mass and occupies space
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solid
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definite shape and volume, particles cohere rigidly to one another
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crystalline
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particles exist in a regular, repeating, 3 dimensional pattern
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amorphous
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particles do not have any regular, internal geometric pattern
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liquid
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definite volume, but not definite shape, particles cohere firmly but no rigidly
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gas
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indefinite volume and no fixed shape, particles move independent of one another
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substance
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matter with a definite and and fixed composition, either elements or compounds
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homogenous
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matter which is uniform in appearance and has the same properties throughout
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heterogenous
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matter consisting of two or more physically distinct phases
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phase
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a homogenous part of a system separated from other parts of the system
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mixture
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a material containing 2 or more substances, can be either homo or heterogenous
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element
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basic building block for the atom that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
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atom
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the smallest particle of an element that can enter into a chemical reaction
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symbol
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an abbreviation for the name of an element
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metal
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an element that is solid at room temperature and whose properties include luster, ductility, malleability, good conductors of heat and temperature, metals tend to lose their valence electrons and become positive ions
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nonmetal
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an element that has properties the opposite of metals: lack of luster, relatively low melting point and density and generally poor conductor of heat and electricity- many are gases (bromine/mercury)
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metalloid
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element having properties that are intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals, very useful in electronics
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compound
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a distinct substance composed of 2 or more elements combined in definite proportions, may be decomposed into simpler substances
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molecular compounds
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a compound joined by atoms of a covalent bond
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ionic compounds
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a compound in which ions are bound by electrostatic interactions of cations and anions
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molecule
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smallest uncharged individual unite of a compound foremd by the union of two or more atoms
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ion
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positively or negatively charged atom or group of atoms
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cation
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positively charged ion
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anion
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negatively charged ion
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diatomic molecules
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set of elements which do not exist as free individual atoms but as 2 atom molecules: H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2 and I2
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chemical formula
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abbreviation for compounds, shows symbols and the ratio of the atoms of the elements in the compound
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