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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
g --> mol
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g x 1 mol / average atomic mass
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mol --> grams
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mol x avg atomic mass/mol
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atoms --> mol
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atoms x 1 mol/6.022x10^23
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moles --> atoms
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mol x 6.022x10^23 / 1 mol
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atoms --> g
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atoms x avg. atomic mass/6.022x10^23
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g --> atoms
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g x 6.022x10^23 / avg. atomic mas
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Equation to get molecular formula
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molar mass of compound / empirical formula mass
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diatomics
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HYDROGEN HON
-helium -oxygen -nitrogen |
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precipitation reaction forms ...
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solids!
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Arrhenius acid
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H+
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Arrhenius Base
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OH-
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Nitrate
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NO3-
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Sulfate
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SO4 -2
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precipitation reaction
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single replacement
- AB + CD --> AC + BD |
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acid base reaction
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acid + base --> salt + water
- example = HCL + NaOH -> NaCl H2O |
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oxidation reduction reactions
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transfer of electrons
- between a nonmental and a metal |
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single replacement (type of oxidation reduction reaction)
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A + BC -> B + AC
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combustion (type of oxidation reduction reaction)
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-prescense of 02
-C reactant -products are CO2 and H2O |
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synthesis (type of oxidation reduction reaction)
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two molecules coming together to make on big one
-- example: H2 + 02 -> H20 |
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decomposition (type of oxidation reduction reaction)
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one reactant broken down into two smaller molecules
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g - mol - mol - g
THE STEPS |
1) balance
2) g -> mol: g x mol / mm 3) mol ratio: unknown/known coeficient 4)mol -> g: mol x mm/mol |
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Bohr's model
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-positive nucleus with electrons orbiting in quantized levels
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s orbital
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1
O -- what it looks like |
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p orbital
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3
00 -- what it looks like |
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d orbital
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4 lobes
5 |
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metals ______ electrons
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lose
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nometals _______ electrons
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gain
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ionic bond
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between opposite charged ions
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covalent bond
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electrons shared equally
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polar covalent bond
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electrons not shared equally
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Electronegativity chart
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0 = covalent
low - 1.9 = polar covalent greater than 2.0 = ionic |
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the lowe the Electronegativity the more ________ it is
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POSITIVE
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dipole
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+----->
+ is the positive end -> is the negative end |
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when making lewis structures and you have a positive charge : :
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need brakets with charge on outside of them
subtract charge |
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when making lewis structures and you have a negative charge : :
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need brakets with charge on outside of them
add charge |
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resonance
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molecule with more than one valid lewis structure
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metals _____ electrons to become like ______ noble gas
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lose
previous |
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nonmetals ______ electrons to become like _____ noble gas
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gain
next |
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order of orbitals on periodic table
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s
d - has one less than s and p p f - f has 2 less than s and p |
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Pauli exclusion principle
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only 2 e- are in an orbital and they have one of each spin
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order of boxes
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1s
2s 2p |
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Carbonate
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CO3 -2
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sulfuric acid
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H2SO4
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Hydroxide
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OH-
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Nitric Acid
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HNO3
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resonance
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molecule with more than one valid lewis structure
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metals _____ electrons to become like ______ noble gas
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lose
previous |
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nonmetals ______ electrons to become like _____ noble gas
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gain
next |
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order of orbitals on periodic table
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s
d - has one less than s and p p f - f has 2 less than s and p |
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Pauli exclusion principle
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only 2 e- are in an orbital and they have one of each spin
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Ammonium
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NH4+
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