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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Who first published the classification of the elements that is the basis of our periodic table today? And how?
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Mendeleev (by atomic mass)
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By what property did Moseley suggest the periodic table be arranged?
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atomic number / nuclear charge
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What is the periodic law?
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The physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic number (forms a pattern).
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What is a period? How many?
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Horizontal; 7
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What is a group/family? How many?
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Vertical; 18
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How does an element's period number relate to the number of the energy level of its valence electrons?
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The increase in period number = Increase in energy level of valence electrons
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What type of orbital are the actinide and lanthanide electrons found?
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F
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What are COINage elements?
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Metals used to make COINS.
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In going from top to bottom of any group, each element has __ more occupied energy level(s) than the element above it.
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1
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What are the Group 1 elements called?
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Alkali metals
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What are the Group 2 elements called?
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Alkali-earth metals
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What are the Group 17 elements called?
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Halogens / "salt-former"
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What are the Group 18 elements called?
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Noble gas
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Why do all the memebers of a group have similar properties?
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Because they all have the same number of valence electrons.
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What do we mean by the "atomic radius"?
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Atomic radius = Size of neutral atom
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Within a group, what happens to the atomic radius as you go DOWN the column?
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Increases, because more enery levels are added.
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Within a period, what happens to the atomic radius as the atomic number increases?
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Decreases, because there is a greater pull between the nucleus and electrons.
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What are cations?
What charge? Nonmetals or metals? |
(+) Lose electrons
Metals |
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What are anions?
What charge? Nonmetals or metals? |
(-) Gain electrons
Nonmetals |
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Why does each successive ionization require more energy than the previous one?
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Because the nucleus's pull is stronger on the remaining electrons
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What is the general trend of ionization energy as you go from LEFT to RIGHT across the periodic table?
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Increase
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What is the general trend of the ionization energy as you go DOWN on the periodic table?
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Decreases
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When an atom becomes an anion, what happens to its radius?
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Increases (b/c it gains electrons = bigger radius)
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When an atom becomes a cation, what happens to its radius?
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Decrease (b/c a[n] electron is taken away = smaller atom)
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Properties of metals...
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solid at room temp.
ductile malleable good conductors shiny |
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Properties of nonmetals...
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all three states of matter
poor conductivity dull |
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Properties of metalloids...
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Semiconductors
characteristics of both metals and nonmetals touches the stairstep EXCEPT Al |
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What is the general trend of electronegativety as you go DOWN the periodic table?
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Decrease
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What is the general trend of electronegativity as you go LEFT to RIGHT across the periodic table?
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Increase
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