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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the term used to define the stage in the cell cycle were the cytoplasm of a cell is divided?
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Cytokinesis
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What is the term used to define division of a cell so both the daughter and parent cells are identical copies?
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Mitosis
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What is the term used to define a type of cell division in which the parent and daughter cells are genetically variable and the daughter cell has half the genetic information of the parent?
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Meiosis
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Each chromosome is made of two identical halves called XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX joined at the XXXXXXXX?
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Sister Chromatids/Centromere
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Humans have XX chromosomes, XX homologous pairs, consisting of a total of XX chromatids.
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46/23/92
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In animals each microtubule organizing center contains a pair of XXXXXXX?
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Centrioles
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What are the four phases of mitosis?
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prophase/metaphase/anaphase/telophase
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Cytokinesis begins during XXXXXXXX?
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Telophase
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What is the S phase of the cell cycle associated with? (2)
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Growth and duplication of DNA
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What 5 events occur during the M-phase of mitosis?
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prophase/metaphase/anaphase/telophase/cytokinesis
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Put the S-phase, G1 phase, M-phase, and G-2 phase in order starting with G1 phase first.
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G1 Phase/S-Phase/G2 Phase/M-Phase
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What three activites occur simultaneously during prophase?
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1. Nucleoli disappear and chromatin condense into chromosomes
2. Nuclear Envelope Breaks down 3. The Mitotic Spindle is assembled |
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What is the term used to define a plane lying between the two poles of the spindle during the metaphase?
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Metaphase Plate
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What marks the beginning of metaphase? What marks the end?
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When the chromosomes are distributed across the metaphase plate/When the chromosomes are pulled to opposite sides of the cell.
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What marks the beginning of anaphase?
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The moment the chromosomes start seperating to opposite poles of the cells.
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During what phase of mitosis does a nuclear envelope develope around each pole?
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Telophase
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Cytokinesis differs in plants and animals by the formation of two kinds of structures, the cell plate and the cleavage furrow? Which structure belongs to plants and which to animals?
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Cell Plate- Plants
Cleavage Furrow- Animals |
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A cell has a total of 46 chromosomes at the beginning of mitosis, at metaphase, how many chromosomes does that cell have?
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92
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A cell has 46 chromosomes before meiosis, how many chromosomes does each daughter cell have at the very end of meiosis?
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23 chromosomes
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When does synapsis take place in meiosis?
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Prophase I
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Were does meiosis take place in humans?
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Sex Cells
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In meosis I what is the chromosome arrangement on the metaphase plate?
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Homologues are lined up
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In mitosis are the daughter cells considered genetically variable? What about meiosis?
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Mitosis-No
Meiosis- Yes |
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In plants meiosis usually produces XXXXXX?
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Spores
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What are two of the main factors that regulate the cell cycle?
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1. Surface area to volume ratio
2. Genome to Volume Ratio |
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What is the term used to define uncontrolled cell growth and division?
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Cancer
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