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116 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
ABDUCTORS
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Muscles that separate the fingers
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ABDUCTOR HALLUCIS
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Muscle of the foot that moves the toes and help maintain balance while walking and standing
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ADDUCTORS
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Muscles at the base of each finger that draw the fingers together
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ANABOLISM
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Constructive metabolism; the process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones
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ANATOMY
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Study of human body structure that can be seen with the naked eye, and what they are made up of; the science of the structure of organisms, or of their parts
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ANGULAR ARTERY
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Supplies blood to the side of the nose
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ANTERIOR AURICULAR ARTERY
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Supplies blood to the front part of the ear
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ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY
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See "popliteal artery"
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ANTERIOR TIBIAL NERVE
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See "deep peroneal nerve"
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ARTERIES
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Thick-walled, muscular flexible tubes that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the capillaries
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ATRIUM
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The upper thin walled chambers of the heart
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AURICULARIS ANTERIOR
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Muscle in front of the ear that draws the ear forward
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AURICULARIS POSTERIOR
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Muscle behind the ear that draws the ear backward
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AURICULARIS SUPERIOR
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Muscle above the ear that draws the ear upward
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AURICULOTEMPORAL NERVE
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Affects the external ear and skin above the temple, up to the top of the skull
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AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
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The part of the nervous system that controls the involuntary muscles; regulates the action of the smooth muscles, glands, blood vessels, and heart
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AXON
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The extension of a neuron by which impulses are sent away from the nerve cell
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BELLY
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Middle part of a muscle
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BICEP
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Muscle producing the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm
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BLOOD
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Fluid circulating through the circulatory system (heart, veins, arteries, and capillaries)
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BLOOD VASCULAR SYSTEM
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Group of structures (heart, arteries, veins and capillaries) that distribute blood throughout the body
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BODY SYSTEMS
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Groups of bodily organs acting together to perform one or more functions. The human body is composed of 10 major systems
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BRAIN
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Part of the central nervous system contained in the cranium; largest and most complex nerve tissue; controls sensation, muscles, gland activity, and the power to think and feel emotions
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BUCCAL NERVE
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Affects the muscles of the mouth
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BUCCINATOR MUSCLE
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Thin, flat muscle of the cheek between the upper and lower jaw that compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips
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CAPILLARIES
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Thin-walled blood vessels that connect the smaller arteries to the veins
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CARDIAC MUSCLE
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The involuntary muscle that is the heart
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CARPUS
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The wrist; flexible joint composed of a group of 8 small, irregular bones held together by ligaments
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CATABOLISM
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The phase of metabolism that involves the breaking down of complex compounds within the cells into smaller ones resulting in the release of energy to perform functions such as muscular movement or digestion
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CELL
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Basic unit of all living things; minute mass of protoplasm capable of performing all the fundamental functions of life
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CELL MEMBRANE
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Part of the cell that encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to enter and leave the cell
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CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
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Consists of the brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves
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CERVICAL CUTANEOUS NERVE
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Located at the side of the neck, affects the front and sides of the neck as far down as the breastbone
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CERVICAL NERVES
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Affect the side of the neck and th platysma muscle
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CERVICAL VERTEBRAE
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The 7 bones of the top part of the vertebral column, located in the neck region
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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
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System that controls the steady circulation of the blood through the body by means of the heart and blood vessels
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CLAVICLE
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Collarbone; bone joining the sternum and scapula
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COMMON CAROTID ARTERY
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Artery that supplies blood to the face, head, and neck
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COMMON PERONEAL NERVE
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A division of the sciatic nerve that extends from behind the knee to wind around the head of the fibula to the front of the leg where it divides into 2 branches
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CONNECTIVE TISSUE
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Fibrous tissue that binds together, protects, and supports the various parts of the body such as bone, cartilage and tendons
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CORRUGATOR MUSCLE
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Muscle located beneath the frontalis and orbicularis oculi that draws the eyebrow down and wrinkles the forehead vertically
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CRANIUM
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An oval, bony case that protects the brain
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CYTOPLASM
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All the protoplasm of a cell except that which is in the nucleus; the water fluid that contains food material necessary fro growth, reproduction, and self-repair of the cell
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DEEP PERONEAL NERVE
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A nerve that extends down the front of the leg, behind the muscles. It supplies impulses to these muscles and skin on the top of the foot and adjacent sides of the first and second toes
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DELTOID
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Large triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint that allows the arm to extend outward and to the sides of the body
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DENDRITES
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Tree-like branding of nerve fibers extending from a nerve cell; short nerve fibers that carry impulses toward the cell
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DEPRESSOR LABII INFERIORIS MUSCLE
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Muscle surrounding the lower lip; depress the lower lip and draws it to one side
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DIAPHRAGM
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Muscular wall that separates the thorax from the abdominal region and helps control breathing
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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
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The mouth, stomach, intestines, and salivary and gastric glands that change food into nutrients and wastes
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DIGITS
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A finger or toe
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DIGITAL NERVE
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Nerve that, with its branches, supplies the fingers and toes
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DORSAL
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A nerve that extends up from the toes and foot, just under the skin, supplying impulses to toes and foot, as well as the muscles and skin of the leg, where it is called the superficial peroneal nerve or the musculo-cutaneous nerve
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DORSAL CUTANEOUS NERVE
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See "dorsal"
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DORSAL PEDIS ARTERY
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See "popliteal"
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ENDOCRINE (DUCTLESS) GLANDS
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Ductless gland that release hormonal secretions directly into the bloodstream
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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
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Group of specialized glands that affect the growth, development, sexual activities, and health of the entire body
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EPICRANIAL APONEUROSIS
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Tendon that connects the occipitalis and frontalis
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EPICRANIUS
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The broad muscle that covers the top of the skull consists of the occipitalis and frontalis
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EPITHELIAL TISSUE
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Protective covering on body surfaces, such as the skin, mucous membranes, and the lining of the heart, digestive and respiratory organs, and glands
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ETHMOID BONE
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Light spongy bone between the eye sockets and forms part of the nasal cavities
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EXCRETORY SYSTEM
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Group of organs including the kidneys, liver, skin, intestines, and lungs that purify the body by elimination of waste matter
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EXHALATION
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The act of breathing outward, expelling carbon dioxide from the lungs
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EXOCRINE (DUCT) GLANDS
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Duct gland that produce a substance that travels through small tube-like ducts, such as the sudoriferous (sweat) glands and the sebaceous (oil) glands
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EXTENSORS
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Muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, and fingers to form a straight line
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EXTENSOR DIGITORUM BREVIS
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Muscle of the foot that moves the toes and help maintain balance while walking and standing
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EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS
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Muscle that bends the foot up and extends the toes
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EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY
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Supplies blood to the anterior (front) parts of the scalp, ear, face, neck and side of the head
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EXTERNAL JUGULAR VEIN
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Vein located at the side of the neck that carries blood returning to the heart from th head, face, and neck
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FACIAL ARTERY
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Supplies blood to the lower region of the face, mouth and nose
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FEMUR
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A heavy, long bone that forms the leg above the knee
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FIBULA
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The smaller of the two bones that form the leg below the knee. The fibula may be visualized as a "bump" on the little-toe side of the ankle
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FIFTH CRANIAL NERVE (ALSO KNOWN AS TRIFACIAL OR TRIGEMINAL)
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The chief sensory nerve of the face, and serves as the motor nerve of the muscles that control chewing
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FLEXORS
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Extensor muscles of the wrist involved in flexing the wrist
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FLEXOR DIGITORUM BREVIS
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Muscle of the foot that moves the toes and help maintain balance while walking and standing
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FRONTAL ARTERY
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Supplies blood to the forehead and upper eyelids
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FRONTAL BONE
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Forms the forehead
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FRONTALIS
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Anterior (front) portion of the epicranius; muscle of the scalp that raises the eyebrows, draws the scalp forward and causes wrinkles across the forehead
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GASTROCNEMIUS
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Muscle that is attached to the lower rear surface of the heel and pulls the foot down
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GLANDS
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Specialized organs that remove certain constituents from the blood to convert them into new substances
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GREATER AURICULAR NERVE
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Located at the side of the neck, affects the face, ears, neck and parotid gland
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GREATER OCCIPITAL NERVE
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Located in the back of the head, affects the scalp as far up as hte top of the head
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HEART
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Muscular cone-shaped organ that keeps the blood moving within the circulatory system
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HEMOGLOBIN
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Iron-containing protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen
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HISTOLOGY
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Science of the minute structures of organic tissues; microscopic anatomy
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HORMONES
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Secretions produced by one of the endocrine glands and carried by the bloodstream or body fluid to another part of the body to stimulate a specific activity
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HUMERUS
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Upper and largest bone in the arm, extending from the elbow to the shoulder
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HYOID BONE
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U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports the tongue and its muscles
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INFERIOR LABIAL ARTERY
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Supplies blood to the lower lip
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INFRAORBITAL ARTERY
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Supplies blood to the muscles of the eye
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INFRAORBITAL NERVE
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Affects the skin of the lower eyelid, side of the nose upper lip and mouth
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INFRATROCHLEAR NERVE
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Nerve that affects the membrane of the skin of the nose
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INHALATION
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The breathing in of air
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INSERTION
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Part of the muscle at the more moveable attachment to the skeleton
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INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
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The skin and its accessory organs, such as the oil and sweat glands, sensory receptors, hair and nails
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INTERNAL JUGULAR VEIN
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Vein located at the side of the neck to collect blood from the brain and parts of the face and neck
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JOINT
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Connection between two or more bones of the skeleton
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LACRIMAL BONES
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Small, thin bones located at the front inner wall of the orbits (eye sockets)
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LATISSIMUS DORSI
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Broad, flat superficial muscle covering the back of the neck and upper and middle region of the back, controlling the shoulder blade and the swinging movements of the arm
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LEVATOR ANGULI ORIS
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Also known as caninus, a muscle that raises the angle of the mouth and draws it inward
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LEVATOR LABII SUPERIORIS
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Also known as quadratus labii superioris, a muscle surrounding the upper lip; elevates the upper lip and dilates the nostrils, as in expressing distaste
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LIQUID TISSUE
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Body tissue that carries food, waste products, and hormones (i.e. blood and lymph)
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LUNGS
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Spongy tissues composed of microscopic cells in which inhaled air is exchanged for carbon dioxide
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LYMPH
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Clear yellowish fluid that circulates int eh lymph spaces (lymphatic) of the body; carries waste and impurities away from the cells
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LYMPH NODES
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Special structures found inside the lymphatic vessels that filter lymph
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LYMPH VASCULAR SYSTEM
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Body system that acts as an aid to the blood system and consists of the lymph spaces, lymph vessels, and lymph glands
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MANDIBLE
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Lower jawbone; largest and strongest bone of the face
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MANDIBULAR NERVE
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Affects the muscles of the chin and lower lip
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MASSETER
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Muscles that coordinate with the temporalis muscles in opening and closing the mouth, and are sometimes referred to as chewing muscles
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MAXILLAE (SINGULAR MAXILLA)
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Bones of the upper jaw
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MAXILLARY NERVE
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Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that supplies the upper part of the face
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MERIDIAN NERVE
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Nerve that supplies the arm and hand
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MENTAL NERVE
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Affects the skin of the arm and hand
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MENTALIS
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Muscle that elevates the lower lip and raises and wrinkles the skin of the chin
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METABOLISM
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Chemical process taking place in living organisms whereby the cells are nourished and carry out their functions
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METACARPUS
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Bones of the palm of the hand; parts of the hand containing five bones between the carpus and phalanges
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METATARSAL
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One of three subdivisions of the foot comprised of five bones, which are long and slender, like the metacarpal bones of the hand, help make up the foot. All three subdivisions comprise 26 bones
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