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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Anthropology
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The study of humankind in all times and places
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Holistic perspective
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a fundamental principle of anthropology: that the various parts of human culture and biology need a broad view to understand their connection to one another
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Ethnocentrism
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the belief that one's own culture is the only proper one
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culture-bound
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outlook based off assumptions and values of one's own culture
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Applied anthropology
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used to solve practical problems thru anthro methods and knowledge
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Medical Anthropology
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combination of theoretical and applied approaches to assist study of human health/disease
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Physical Anthropology
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Study of humans as biological organisms; Biological anthropology
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Molecular Anthropology
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branch of bio anthropology. uses techniques to test human evolution, adaption, and variation
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Paleoanthropology
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study of origins and predecessors of the present human species; study of evolution
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Bio-cultural
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focusing on the interaction of biology and culture
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Primatology
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study of living and fossil primates
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forensic anthropology
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branch of physical anthropology to identify human remains for legal purposes
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Culture
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Society's shared and transmitted ideas, values and perceptions.
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cultural anthropology
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social/sociocultural anthropology. study of customary patterns in humans and behaviors, thoughts, feelings
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ethnography
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detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on fieldwork
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field work
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on location research
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participation observation
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learning culture thru social interaction and participation
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Ethnology
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study of culture
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Linguistic anthropology
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study of human languages
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discourse
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an extended communication on a particular subject
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archaeology
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the study of human cultures through analysis of material remains and environmental data
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bio-archaeology
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study of human remains with a focus on preservation
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cultural resource management
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focus on preservation of cultural heritage, historic and prehistoric
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enculturation
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the process by which a society passes culture from generation to generation
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cultural relativism
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the idea you must suspend your judgement in order to understand.
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urgent anthropology
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research about dying cultures, salvage anthropology
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advocacy anthropology
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research that is community based and politically involved
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multi-sited ethnography
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documented people and cultures as they relate to global culture.
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ethnographic field work
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extended on site work to study cultures in more depth
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key consultant
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a member of a society being studied who helps an anthropologist.
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quantitative data
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measurable information
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qualitative data
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non statistical info about events and life stories. quality of information.
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informal interview
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open conversation in everyday life
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formal interview
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structured information during a conversation such as questions.
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eliciting device
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an activity or method used to help subjects recall information
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digital ethnography
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digital assistance in ethnographic work
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ethnohistory
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study of cultures through oral stories or analysis of personal records
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theory
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an explanation supported by data
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Human Relations Area Files (HRAF)
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vast collection of ethnographic and archaeological material
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idealist perspective
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theoretical approach stressing primacy of superstructure in cultural research and analysis
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material perspective
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theoretical approach stressing primacy of infrastructure in cultural research and analysis
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evolution
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change in genetic make up of a culture over time
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genes
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biological traits passed through parents to children
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adaptation
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beneficial adjustments of organisms to their environment
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natural selection
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having a genetic biological advantage which increases reproduction throughout a society
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species
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population or groups having common traits and genetic make-up
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primate
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subgroup of mammals that include lemurs, lorises, tarsiers, monkeys, apes, and humans
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hominoid
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broad shouldered tailless group of primates that include all living and extinct apes and humans
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bipedalism
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two footed, up right walking creature.
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Australopithecus
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genus directly linked to human ancestors, 1.1-1.4 million years ago
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lower paleolithic
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first part of the old stone age spanning from 200,000 to 2.6 million years ago
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Oldowan tool tradition
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first tool industry beginning at start of lower paleolithic era, 2.5-2.6 million years ago
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Homo Habilis
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"handy man" first members of human fossil "Homo". 2.5 to 2.6 million years ago. large brains and smaller faces than Australopithecus
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Homo Erectus
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originating 2 million years ago. "Upright Man"
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Neanderthals
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distinct genus of humans inhabiting Europe and S. Asia from 30,000 to 125,000 years ago
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Mousterian Tool Tradition
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tool industry known among Neanderthals.
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Upper Paleolithic
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the last part (10,000-40,000) of the stone age.
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multiregional hypothesis
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modern humans originated thru process of simultaneous local transition from Homo Erectus to Homo Sapiens
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recent african origins hypothesis
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everyone originated from africa
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race
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a subgroup within a species, not scientifically applicable to humans because no sub groups exist in modern Homo Sapiens
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