Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
acute myocarditis is most commonly caused by
|
viral infection
|
|
T or F. majority of young patients with severe acut myocarditis will recover spontaneous
|
true
|
|
what are three phases of myocarditis
|
acute
subacute chronic |
|
the first wave of infiltrating cells triggered by viral infection is ____ cells
|
NK
|
|
what days are peak neutralizing antibodies seen
|
8-14
|
|
what are three theories of crhonic phase
|
cyto T
persistant viral infection virus induced apop |
|
____ are the second wave of cellular infiltrate that appears within 7 days of infection
|
T lymphocyte
|
|
___ correspond with time of most severe damage to the myocyte
|
cyto Ts
|
|
what cytokines are involved in acute phase
|
IL2
TNFa interferon |
|
steroids are effective treatment of myocarditis
|
FALSE
aggravate the process adn increase viral titers |
|
general therapy for pts with myocarditis is similar to tx for
|
systolic dysfunction
neurohormonal blockade and reduce remodeling |
|
what is the general prognosis for myocraditis
|
1/3 recover
1/3 cardiac dysfunction 1/3 transplant |
|
what are four types of cardiomyopathies
|
dilated
restrictive arrhythmogenic RV hypertrophic |
|
what usually cuases dilated cardiomyopathy
|
uncontrolled HTN
CAD ischemic disease |
|
long QT syndromes develop what type of cardiomyopathy
|
hypertrophic
|
|
high school athlete dies of SCD what happened
|
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
|
|
most common mutation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
|
beta myosin heavy chain
|
|
what is variable penetrance
|
sometimes express sometimes not
|
|
why is syncope episodes important
|
could be hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
|
|
90% of patients with beta myosin heavy chain mutations have LVH detectable at age
|
20
|
|
tropininT shows up at age
myosin binding protein C at age |
40
60 |
|
what is the problem iwth mitral valve in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
|
anteiror leaflet
|
|
about 1/3 of patients with hypertrophic cariomyopathy have
|
obstruct ventricular outflow
|
|
what factors contribute to outflow tract obstruction
|
hyperdynamic LV ejection
hypertrophy at septum ant leaflet problem papillary muscle architecture |
|
T or F. mitral regurg may come into play of severe cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
|
true
because of obstructed outflow |
|
what are most common symtpoms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
|
dyxpnea on exertion
chest pain |
|
what heart sound would indicate hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
|
S4
|
|
what causes bifid pulse
|
obstruction outflow
|
|
why does hypertrophic cardiomyopathy lead to S4
|
dependence on atrial systole since relaxation of such a big vetnricle is slow
|
|
outflow tract obstruction creats what murmur
|
systoliic crescendo
|
|
what two murmurs mist you find in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
|
systolic ejection crescendo due to outflwo obstruction
mitral insufficiency due to mitrla valve changes |
|
is murmur of outflow obstruction accentuated by hyper or hypovolemia
|
hypovolemia
|
|
what are first line therapies for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
|
disopyramide
bb nonDHP CCBs |
|
why might dual chamber pacing be necessary
|
preexcitation of RV leading to dissyncrhonry
|
|
___ is extremely effective in preventign SCD
|
ICD
|
|
what other non surgical option is avail
|
alcohol ablation of setpal coronary artery
|
|
what might happen to LAP
|
huge becuase of diastolic dysfunction
|
|
HCM can manifest very different even when found in family members with exact same mutation. this is variable ____
|
penetrance
|
|
T or F. some mutations can have SCD with minimal hypertrophy
|
true
|