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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Rifampicin, clofazamine, and dapsone are antibiotics used to treat which disease? |
Hansen's Disease |
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In which way is listeriosis transmitted? |
Ingesting contaminated foods |
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Cryptococcal meningitis is caused by what kind of organism? |
Fungus |
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Hansen's Disease is best prevented by |
Avoiding prolonged contact with untreated individuals. |
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Hansen's Disease is caused by which microorganism? |
Mycobacterium leprae |
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Which disease is likely to cause pregnant women to miscarry, have a premature birth, or stillbirth? |
Listeriosis |
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The causative agent of tetanus is __________________. |
Clostridium tetani |
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Early diagnosis and treatment is required. An antitoxin is used to decrease the activity of circulation of toxin in the blood. Metronidazole or penicillin can be used to prevent the growth of bacteria. To what disease do these treatment strategies correspond? |
Botulism |
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The causative agent of botulism is |
Clostridium botulinum |
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West Nile Virus transmission is prevented in which way? |
Protection from mosquito bites by using insect repellents containing DEET. Elimination of mosquitoes. |
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Hansen's Disease is caused by what kind of microorganism? |
Bacterium |
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Complete the limerick!This illness called Hansen’s DiseaseFrom Mycobacterium lepraeAmputation’s expectedFrom injuries neglectedGive dapsone and ______________ |
Clofazamine |
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Botulism is generally caused by |
Ingestion of toxin or endospores |
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Cryptococcal meningitis is acquired by which mode of transmission? |
Spores of this fungus are inhaled in dusty environments containing bird droppings. |
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Intravenous penicillin or ampicillin, or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is used to treat which disease of the nervous system? |
Listeriosis |
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This disease is characterized by disfiguring nodules forming on the skin on the nose, ear lobes and extremities. Anesthesia with decreased sensitivity to touch, pain, and heat can lead to neglect of injury. |
Hansen's Disease |
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Polio is caused by which agent? |
Poliovirus |
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Listeria monocytogenes causes which disease? |
Listeriosis |
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In which way is listeriosis transmitted? |
Ingesting contaminated foods |
|
Haemophilus meningitis is caused by |
Haemophilus influenzae |
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Hansen's Disease is best prevented by |
Avoiding prolonged contact with untreated individuals. |
|
Rifampicin, clofazamine, and dapsone are antibiotics used to treat which disease? |
Hansen's Disease |
|
The signs and symptoms of tetanus include which of the following? |
Trismus, risus sardonicus, opisthotonus, low-grade fever, heart beat irregularities, and elevated blood pressure. |
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There are six types of Haemophilus influenzae. Based on the type used in the vaccine, which type is most clinically important? |
Type B |
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Listeria monocytogenes causes which disease? |
Listeriosis |
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Which disease is characterized by the following signs and symptoms? A prodrome of headache, fever, vomiting, loss of appetite, lethargy, and pain at the original site of infection—the bite. Once in the brain neurologic symptoms ensue with hydrophobia, pharyngeal spasms, anxiety, loss of coordination, paralysis, confusion, and delirium. |
Rabies |
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Botulism is caused by a |
Bacterium |
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Early diagnosis and treatment is required. An antitoxin is used to decrease the activity of circulation of toxin in the blood. Metronidazole or penicillin can be used to prevent the growth of bacteria. To what disease do these treatment strategies correspond? |
Botulism |
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Symptoms of West Nile Fever include which of the following? |
Flu-like symptoms; but may include severe headache, muscle weakness, mental confusion, flaccid paralysis, coma and death. |
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Cryptococcal meningitis is caused by what kind of organism? |
Fungus |
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Polio is caused by which agent? |
Poliovirus |
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How is toxoplasmosis prevented? |
Infection of pregnant women place the fetus at risk, so education of first trimester pregnant women is an important way by which the disease can be prevented. |
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Toxoplasma gondii is the causative agent of which disease? |
Toxoplasmosis |
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Cryptococcus neoformans is the causative agent of which disease? |
Cryptococcal meningitis |
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In which way is listeriosis transmitted? |
Ingesting contaminated foods |
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How is toxoplasmosis prevented? |
Infection of pregnant women place the fetus at risk, so education of first trimester pregnant women is an important way by which the disease can be prevented. |
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The causative agent of toxoplasmosis is a _____________. |
Protist |
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Many cases of this disease is a result poor food preparation—particularly of home canned goods containing low-acid fruits and vegetables. Infants under the age of 1 year should not be fed honey to prevent which disease? |
Botulism |
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Complete the limerick!This illness called Hansen’s DiseaseFrom Mycobacterium lepraeAmputation’s expectedFrom injuries neglectedGive dapsone and ______________ |
Clofazamine |
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Another name for Hansen's Disease is ______________. |
Leprosy |
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Fever, chills, severe headache, altered mental status, nausea, vomiting, stiff neck, photophobia, petechiae and echymosis are potential symptoms of which disease? |
Meningococcal meningitis |
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There are six types of Haemophilus influenzae. Based on the type used in the vaccine, which type is most clinically important? |
Type B |
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Botulism is generally caused by |
Ingestion of toxin or endospores |
|
West Nile Virus transmission is prevented in which way? |
Protection from mosquito bites by using insect repellents containing DEET. Elimination of mosquitoes. |
|
What disease is associated with one of the most dangerous neurotoxins known to man? It has a lethal dose of less than 1 microgram. |
Botulism |
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Meningococcal meningitis is best prevented in which way? |
Immunization with the meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine or meningococcal conjugate vaccine |
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In which way is listeriosis transmitted? |
Ingesting contaminated foods |
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Cryptococcus neoformans is the causative agent of which disease? |
Cryptococcal meningitis |
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Signs and symptoms of this disease begin within 18 to 36 hours and include double vision and drooping eyelids. As the disease progresses, the speech becomes slurred, the patient has a dry mouth and experiences difficulty swallowing. Eventually all affected muscles are weak. If not treated, respiratory failure and death can ensue. |
Botulism |
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The causative agent of botulism is |
Clostridium botulinum |
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The causative agent of tetanus is __________________. |
Clostridium tetani |
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Signs and symptoms of Haemophilus meningitis include |
Fever, chills, severe headache, altered mental status, nausea, vomiting, stiff neck, and photophobia |
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Haemophilus meningitis is caused by |
Haemophilus influenzae |
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Toxoplasma gondii is the causative agent of which disease? |
Toxoplasmosis |
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Meningococcal meningitis is transmitted in which way? |
Inhalation of contaminated respiratory droplets |
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Polio can be prevented by which strategy? |
Inactivated virus is used as a vaccine at 2 months of age, with boosters at 4, 6, between 6 and 18 months, and at about 5 years. There are two forms of the vaccine: the Salk (killed virus) vaccine that is administered intramuscularly, and the Sabin (attenuated live virus) vaccine that is delivered orally. |
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Intravenous administration of amphotericin B together with 5-flucytosine is a typical therapy of which disease? |
Cryptococcal meningitis |
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Rapid onset of delirium and dementia with anxiety, confusion, disorientation, jerking or seizures are symptoms of which disease? |
Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease |
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Which disease should people with compromised immune systems due to HIV-AIDS and cancer avoid environments in which fungal spores might be inhaled. |
Cryptococcal meningitis |
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Haemophilus meningitis is caused by a |
Bacterium |
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Complete the liimerick!College coeds are sometimes remissIf their date wants a long goodnight kissWhen they find it annoyingThey’re really avoidingTransmitting Neisseria _______________. |
meningitidis |
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How is tetanus prevented? |
Immunization with Tdap or DTaP vaccine |
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The signs and symptoms of this disease include headache, stiff neck, fever, altered mental status, nausea, vomiting, and photophobia that have developed over a few days to weeks, not within hours. What disease is these signs and symptoms representative of? |
Cryptococcal meningitis |
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Prompt treatment of which disease as soon after exposure to the rabies virus must occur? The actual therapy includes 5 doses of the human immunoglobulin that are administered over a one-month period. Alternatively, another form of the vaccine can be administered intramuscularly on the day of exposure and on days 3, 7, 14, and 28, thereafter. |
Rabies |
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The causative agent of poliomyelitis is a _________________. |
Virus |
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How is poliomyelitis treated? |
There is no cure for this viral infection. Only supportive therapies, such as respiratory assistance, may be used. |
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Treatment of West Nile Fever includes the use of which therapies? |
Bed rest, proper hydration, and analgesics to relieve fever and headache. In extreme cases, ventilation, control of nausea, vomiting and encephalitis is required. |
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Rabies may be prevented in which way? |
Vaccination of domestic cats and dogs. Wild animals may be vaccinated with a recombinant vaccinia virus containing the rabies virus G protein. |
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To avoid this disease, pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals should avoid soft cheeses, such as Brie, Camembert, Queso blanco, luncheon or deli meats. |
Listeriosis |
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Name the disease that has the following symptoms. Individuals with a compromised immune system may develop severe nausea, fever, headache confusion, seizures, and loss of coordination. In congenital cases, the infant is born with a small or abnormally enlarged head. If no symptoms are evident at birth, mental deficits, loss of vision, and seizures may occur later in life. |
Toxoplasmosis |
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Neisseria meningitidis is the causative agent of which disease? |
Meningococccal meningitis |
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What disease presents the following symptoms? Severe muscle spasms that may be accompanied with loss of reflexes and loose or flaccid limbs. Paralysis. |
Poliomyelitis |
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This disease is associated with more than 80% of HIV-AIDS patients. What disease is it? |
Cryptococcal meningitis |
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Tetanus is caused by a |
Bacterium |
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Treating toxoplasmosis includes the use of which therapy? |
Pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine, plus folinic acid. |
|
Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease is caused by which kind of infectious agent? |
Prion |
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An appropriate treatment for meningococcal meningitis is use of which antibiotic? |
Ceftriaxone |
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The rhabdovirus causes which disease? |
Rabies |
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West Nile Fever is caused by a ______________. |
Virus |
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Tetanus is acquired by which mode of transmission? |
Infection of a wound |
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Which mode of transmission is the main way that the poliovirus is spread? |
Contaminated food and water |
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Immunoglobulin is used to inactivate the toxin. Metronidazole to counter the growth of the bacteria. What disease is being treated? |
Tetanus |
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Haemophilus meningitis is transmitted by |
Respiratory droplets |
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Meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae is treated using |
Ceftriaxone or a combination of chloramphenicol-ampicillin |
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The virus that causes this disease is usually delivered through a bite, but cases of aerosolized droplets have been documented. |
Rabies |
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Hib is the abbreviation of a vaccine to prevent which disease? |
Haemophillus meningitis |
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Contaminated tissues and body fluids that are used as therapies for other diseases or transplantation have been linked to which disease? |
Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease |
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Ingestion of raw or partially-cooked meat (pork or lamb) containing cysts and ingestion of cysts from cat feces found in cat litter boxes or garden soil ways by which this disease is transmitted. What disease is it? |
Toxoplasmosis |