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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
circumscribed lesion of < 5mm in diameter characterized by flatness and usually distinguished from surrounding skin by its coloration
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Macule
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circumscribed lesion of > 5mm in diameter characterized by flatness and usually distinguished from surrounding skin by its coloration
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Patch
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elevated dome-shaped or flat-topped lesion < 5mm in diameter
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Papule
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elevated lesion with spherical contour > 5mm in diameter
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nodule
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: elevated flat-topped lesion,usually > 5mm in in diameter
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Plaque
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fluid filled raised lesion < 5mm in diameter
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Vesicle
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fluid filled raised lesion > 5mm in diameter
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Bulla / Blister
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discrete, pus-filled, raised lesion
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Pustule
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itchy, transient, elevated lesion with variable blanching and erythema formed as the result of dermal edema
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Wheal
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dry, horny, platelike excresence, usually the result of imperfect cornification
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Scale
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thickened and rough skin characterized by prominent skin markings; can be the result of repeated rubbing
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Lichenification
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traumatic lesion characterized by breakage of the epidermis causing a raw linear area; often self-induced
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Excoriation
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separation of the nail plate from the nail bed
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Oncholysis
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thickening of the stratum corneum, often associated with a qualitative abnormality of the keratin
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Hyperkeratosis
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diffuse epidermal hyperplasia
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Acanthosis
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surface elevation caused by hyperplasia and enlargement of contiguous dermal papillae
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Papillomatosis
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abnormal keratinization occurring prematurely within individual cells or groups of cells below the stratum granulosum
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Dyskeratosis
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loss of intercellular connections resulting in loss of cohesion between keratinocytes.
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Acantholysis
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intercellular edema of the epidermis
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Spongiosis
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infiltration of the epidermis by inflammatory or circulationg blood cells
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Exocytosis
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infiltration of the epidermis by inflammatory or circulationg blood cells
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Erosion
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discontinuity of the skin exhibiting complete loss of the epidermis and often portions of the dermis and even subcutaneous fat
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Ulceration
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a linear pattern of melanocyte proliferation within the epidermal basal cell layer
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Lentiginous
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-Symmetric
-Well-defined, rounded border -Uniformly pigmented -Small (usually <6 mm across) -No increase in size are general characteristics of? |
Nevocellular Nevus
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What are the 3 classifications of Nevocellular Nevus?
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1) junctional (macule)
2) dermal (nodule/papule) 3) compound (nodule/papule) |
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a benign neoplasm of melanocytes that may be acquired or congenital
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Nevocellular Nevus
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What is a malignant neoplasm of melanocytes that in skin, begins as a macule and may become a patch or papule?
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Melanoma
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What are precursor lesion(s) to a Melanoma that may be seen?
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Dysplastic Nevi and congenital melanocytic nevi
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What some risk factors for acquiring a melanoma?
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- family history
- skin type - excessive sun exposure -precursor lesions (dysplastic nevi) |
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What type of nevi have the highest risk of developing into melanomas?
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-large or giant types (6%)
-3-5 yo |
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6th most common cancer in US?
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Melanoma
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most common fatal malignancy amongst young adults?
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Melanoma
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Prognosis of a melanoma is based upon?
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1) Thickness of tumor
2) presence/absence of ulceration 3) clinical stage |
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-warty surface
-waxy, tan/brown plaque -solitary/multiple -spontaneous -mistaken as melanoma |
seborrheic keratoses
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-flesh-colored lesion
-dome shaped nodule -central erosion -occurs on facial skin or hands -well-developed collarette |
Keratoacanthoma
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is a rapidly developing benign epidermal neoplasm that clinically and histologically may mimic well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma
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keratoacanthoma
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how is a keratoacanthoma differientiated from squamous cell carcinoma?
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rapid growth
spontaneous remission |
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may occur explosively in large numbers as a part of paraneoplastic syndrome: Leser-Trelat sign
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Seborrheic keratoses
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what is the 2nd most common type of skin cancer ?
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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what is the most common type of skin cancer?
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Basal Cell Carcinoma
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a malignant neoplasm of kertinocytes
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Squamous cell Carcinoma
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a malignant neoplasm of basal keratinocytes?
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Basal cell Carcinoma
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What are the demographics of Sqamous cell carcinoma?
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Males
>55 |
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What are the demographics of Basal Cell carcinoma?
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Males
>40 |
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Pearly papule or nodule containing prominent, dilated subepidermal blood vessels +/- ulceration
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Basal Cell Carcinoma
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what is the metastatic rate of squamous cell carcinoma?
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3-4%
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Which cell carcinoma may present due to HPV or chronic infection or industrial carcinogens?
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SCC
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urticaria
erythema multiforme are examples of? |
acute inflammatory dermatoses
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psoriasis
seborrheic dermatitis lichen planus are examples of? |
chronic inflammatory dermatoses
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What is the length of acute inflammatory dermotoses flare ups?
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days ---> weeks
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What is the length of chronic inflammatory dermatoses flare ups?
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months ----> years
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Acute inflammatory dermatoses are characterized by?
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edema
+/- epidermal/vascular/subcutaneous injury |
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-inlfammation
-altered epidermal growth (atrophy/hyperplasia) |
erythema multiforme
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what age group does urticaria most often affect?
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20-40yo
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What are the categories of urticaria causing agents?
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allergic: pollen, foods, drugs, insect venom
non-allergic: physical; pressure, hot/cold |
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urticaria is a result of ________ process?
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IgE degranulation
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what is the age group erythema multiforme most commonly affects?
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NO age predilection
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is an uncommon, self-limited disorder that appears to be a hypersensitivity reaction to certain infections and drugs
-involving skin of hands and feet -presents in a concentric ring form |
erythema multiforme
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sulfonamides, penicillin, barbiturates, salicylates, are examples of drugs that might instigate what sort of lesions?
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erythema multiforme
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These 4 main categories of culprits causing erthema multiforme?
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1) infections: herpes, mycoplasmal
2) drugs: penicillin, barbituates 3) malignant disease :carc-, lymphoma 4) Collagen vascular disease |
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-a common
-chronic -T-cell mediated inflammatory deramatosis -2/3 w/ HLA Cw0602 allele |
psoriasis
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what is the demographics of psoriasis?
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- peak 22yo
- no gender predilection |
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-salmon-colored plaque, w/ silver white scale
- nail changes present (30%) - affects elbows, knees, scalp, penis |
psoriasis
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What chronic dermatoses is associated with :
-arthritis -myopathy -enteropathy -spondylitic joint disease |
Psoriasis
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What are the 4P's regarding the presentations of Lichen Planus?
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pruritic
purple polygonal papules |
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Oral lesions occur in ______% of Lichen Planus cases
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70
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What is the demography for Lichen Planus?
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Females
40-60 yo |
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Wickham striae are white dots are lines associated with what lesions?
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Lichen Planus: chronic dermatoses
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Patients with Lichen Planus have an increase risk for developing what?
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SCC
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Lichen Planus =
lesions:Multiple/Single? asymmetrical/symmetrical? neck, trunk / extremities? |
multiple
symmetrical extremities |
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an inflammatory process that consists of tiny papules or macules
-erythematous -greasy base -scaly and crusty |
Seborrheic Dermatitis
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what is the seborrheic region that S. dermatitis will affect?
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scalp
forehead eyebrows folds (nasal/ paranasal) retroauricular zone |
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when is one likely to present with gradually with seborrheic dermatitis?
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fall and winter
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What are 2 examples of blistering disease?
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Bullous Pemphigoid
Pemphigus Vulgaris |
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a distinct vesicobullous disease affecting elderly individuals characterized by formation of tense bullae
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Bullous Pemphigoid
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Pathogenesis:caused by antibodies directed against proteins at the dermal-epidermal junction (BP1 and BP2)
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Bullous Pemphigoid
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What % of Bullous Pemphigoid presents in the oral cavity?
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10-15%
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Immunofluorescence is a diagnostic tool for what 2 condtions?
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Bullous Pemphigoid
Pemphigous Vulgaris |
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Which of the blistering diseases more commonly presents in the mouth?
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Pemphigous Vulgaris
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blistering disorder of adults (40-60 yo) characterized by superficial vesicles and bullae that are easily ruptured
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Pemphigous Vulgaris
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antibodies form against desmoglein-3
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Pemphigous Vulgaris
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What is the crucial therapy of Pemphigous Vulgaris preventing fatality?
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immunosuppresive therapy
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