Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
HYQ: Assuming a normal bell shapped distribution, what percentage of the study population falls within 1 std, 2 std, and 3 stds?
|
1: 68%
2: 95% 3. 99.7% |
|
What is the Eq for Odds Ratio and Relative Risk?
AB CD |
OR= AD/BC
RR= (A/A+B)/(C/C+D) |
|
HYQ: when is the odds ratio a good approximation of the relative risk?
|
Low prevalence
|
|
HYQ: What does it mean when the Relative Risk =1?
|
there is no relationship btw the risk factor and disease
|
|
What should you do if parents refuse life saving care for their child?
|
In an emergency --> treat now and seek a court order
In a non-emergency --> seek a court order |
|
HYQ: under what circumstances are you allowed to breach confidentiality?
|
If the pt says so
If the pt is suicidal or homocidal If the pt has been involved in a penetrating assult (knife or gun shot) If the pt has a reportable dz |
|
HYQ: in what situations does an unemancipated minor not require parental consent to treatment?
|
Pregnancy
Birth control pills STD treatment Drug rehab |
|
What is type I error?
|
alpha - the study says there is a relationship when none exists
Falsely rejecting the null |
|
What is type II error?
|
Beta - the study says NO relationship when one exists
Falsely accepting the null |
|
What is the Eq for sensitivity?
AB CD |
A/A+C
|
|
What is the Eq for Specificity?
AB CD |
B/ (B+D)
|
|
What is the Eq for PPV?
AB CD |
A/(A+B)
|
|
What is the Eq for NPV?
AB CD |
D/(D+C)
|
|
How do you calculate the Attributable Risk?
|
The % of at risk with dz - the % of not at risk with the dz
For ex: 5% of smokers have pneumonia, and 1% of non-smokers have pneumonia... the AR of smoking is 4% |
|
What is the NNT?
|
Number Needed to Treat
NNT = 1/ Absolute risk reduction For ex: if 10,000 pts took t-pa during a STEMI and 100 were saved, the NNT would be (10,000/100) = 100 |
|
What does it mean if the CI for the Odds Ratio crosses 1?
|
there is no association
|
|
What does it mean if the CI for 2 treatment groups crosses 0?
|
there is no diff btw treatments
|
|
What type of trial is a prospective comparison of effectiveness?
|
RCT- the gold standard b.c it is double blinded and randomized
|
|
What type of study is prospective,examines a group of subjects exposed to a given factor, and calcuates the Relative Risk?
|
Cohort- RR, good for rare exposures
There is a relative risk when hooking up with a coWhore |
|
What type of study is retrospective, good for rare diseases and measures Odds Ratio?
|
Case-Control study
"chicken or fish, case or control" |
|
What type of study uses a survey?
|
Cross-sectional
|