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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Dna helicase |
Separates Dna |
|
Topoimerase |
Keeps dna from getting stressed during unwinding process |
|
Single strand dna protein |
Keeps dna from rebinding |
|
Direction Dna replicates |
5’-3’ |
|
Primease |
Adds DNA primers for DNA polymerase to add to |
|
Template strand |
Og strand |
|
Complimentary strand |
New strand |
|
Okazaki fragments |
Make up the bits of the lagging strand |
|
Dna Pol 3 |
Adds nucleotides sling template strand to create complimentary strand |
|
DNA Pol 1 |
Excises the RNA primers and replaces them with nucleotide bases |
|
DNA ligase |
Joins complimentary fragments together |
|
dATP |
Source of energy that allows formation of new bonds (attached to the back of carbon attached to nucleotide) |
|
Telomeres |
Protects dna from shortening genes during dna replication |
|
Telomerase |
Keeps eukaryotic chromosomes from getting shorter |
|
Mismatch repair |
DNA polymerase proof reads as it goes along |
|
Excision repair |
Chops out damaged dna and replaces it w/ a new one made from undamaged temple |
|
Beadle and tatum |
Breadmold; mutated strain needed extra nutrients bcause it couldn’t make the necessary ones bcause of deformed proteins |
|
mRNA |
Messenger RNA; carries codons to ribosomes |
|
Transcription |
Copying of dna template to rna |
|
Translation |
mRNA+tRNA+ribosomes=protein |
|
RNA protein translation |
4 base pairs 16 couplets 64 triples |
|
Codon |
3 based on the MRNA that code for an amino acid |
|
The genetic code is redundant |
But not ambiguous |
|
Start codon |
Aug |
|
Stop codons |
UAA UAG UGA |
|
ORF |
Open reading frame, stretch of bases uninterrupted by stop codons |
|
Anatomy of mRNA |
Back (Definition) |
|
RNA polymerase |
Synthesizes RNA |
|
Initiation |
RNA pol binds to promoter RNA pol unwinds short bit of DNA to expose template strand RNA pol begins synthesis @5’ end |
|
Elongation |
RNA pol adds complimentary nucleotides to 3’ end Transcription released as it’s made and dna immediately reforms |
|
Elongation |
RNA pol adds complimentary nucleotides to 3’ end Transcription released as it’s made and dna immediately reforms |
|
Termination |
Transcription stops at point of termination |