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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Minerals |
A solid naturally occurring substance. |
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Ores |
A metal-bearing mineral that can be mined for profit. |
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Fossil Fuels |
A natural fuel formed from the remains of living organisms. |
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Physical Property |
A property that can be measured without changing the substance. |
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Chemical Property |
Properties that become evident during or after a chemical reaction. |
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Rock Cycle |
A process in which rocks are created or destroyed. |
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Sediments |
Mineral or organic matter deposited by water, air, etc. |
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Sedimentary Rock |
Rock formed by weathering, erosion, deposition, and lithification. |
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Metamorphic Rock |
Rock formed by heat and pressure. |
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Extrusive Igneous Rock |
Rock formed by the fast cooling of magma above surface. |
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Intrusive Igneous Rock |
Rock formed by the slow cooling of magma below surface.
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Mechanical Weathering |
Breaking down of rock without changing the chemical composition. |
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Chemical Weathering |
Breaking down rock that changes the chemical composition. |
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Erosion |
Carrying broken down rock from one place to another. |
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Deposition |
Gradually layer up broken down matter. |
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Continental Crust |
A part of the earth's crust that forms large landmasses. |
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Oceanic Crust |
Part of the earth's crust that underlies the ocean basins. |
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Lithosphere |
An earth layer consisting of the crust and upper mantle. |
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Asthenosphere |
The upper layer of the earth's mantle, below the lithosphere. |
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Mantle |
The thickest earth layer between the crust and outer core. |
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Outer Core |
A fluid Earth layer that consists of iron and nickel. |
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Inner Core |
Solid last Earth layer made up of iron and nickel. |
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Density |
A substance's mass per unit volume. |
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Tension |
Force pulling apart |
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Compression |
Force pushing together |
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Shearing |
Force pushing and pulling from side to side |
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Convection currents |
Transfer of heat in fluids with different densities. |
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Theory of Plate Tectonics |
Outer layer earth, divided into plates, move across earths surface. |
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Subduction |
Where two plates move towards eachother, one slides under other. |
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Hot Spots |
Islands formed far from plate boundaries because rising mantle plume. |
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Convergent Plate Boundary |
Where two lithosphere plates collide creating mountains, earthquakes, or volcanoes. |
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Divergent Plate boudary |
When two tectonic plates are moving away from each other. |
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Transform Plate Boundary |
Lithospheric plates moving across one another causing only earthquakes. |
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Mid Ocean Ridges |
Created by divergent plate boundaries creating new crust. |
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Pangaea |
Ancient super-continent where all continents were once connected. |
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Island Arc's |
Curved chain of volcanic islands located at tectonic plate margin. |
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Faults |
Cracks in Earth's crust caused by tension, compression, and shearing. |
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Trenches |
Steep canyon in ocean cause subduction at convergent plate boundaries. |
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Folded Mountains |
Forms when two continental plates collide and fold rock upward. |
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Pacific Ring of Fire |
Plate boundary in Pacific Ocean where volcanoes/earthquakes very common. |
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Seismic Activity |
Energy released by earthquakes. |
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Land forms |
Types of terrain found on Earth's surface such as mountains. |
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Sea floor spreading |
Occurs at ridges where crust forms, slowly moves from ridge. |
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San Andreas Fault |
An example of a transform plate boundary in California. |
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Continental Drift |
Earth's continents were once jouned super continent, Pangaea, slowly moved. |
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