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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Self-efficacy
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our beliefs about our personal competence or effectiveness in a given area; dealing effectively w/ a certain task
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Student's self-efficacy
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question their abilities
seek stimuli from other sources |
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four sources of efficacy
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mastery - direct
vicarious - following a model social persuasion - pep talks psychological - excitement/ anxiety (psyched out) |
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Teacher's self-efficacy
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they can help every student; sometimes set expectatiosn too high
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Self-regulated Learning Responses to failure
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Knowledge
Motivation Volition Development of Self-reg |
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Self-Regulated Learning
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process of activating & sustaining thoughts, behaviors, and motions in order to reach a goal.
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Steps to self-regulated learning
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- analyze tasks
- set goals/ create plans - enact plans - regulate learning |
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Triarchic Reciprocal Casuality
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- Social Influences
- Achievement Outcomes - Self-Influences **they all influence each other*** |
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Social Cognitive Theory
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adds concern like beliefs, self-perceptions, and expectations to social learning theory. ***Emphasis on Social interaction***
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Modeling
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learning by watching others
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usefulness in modeling
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learn HOW to perform a task and results of a certain situation
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motivation
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an internal state that arouses, directs, and maintains behavior
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Intrinsic Motivation
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Motivation where activities are their own reward; self gratitude
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Extrinsic Motivation
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motivation created by external factors; getting a reward from outside the activity
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Reward System
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an attractive object or event supplied as a consequence of a behavior
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Locus of Causality
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Where is the motivation located; inside or outside
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Behavioral Theory of Motivation
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understanding of motivation begins w/ analyzing incentives & rewards in the classroom
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Maslow's hierarchy of Needs (lower needs must be met FIRST)
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Bottom of Triangle:
- Security/ safety - Intellectual Achievement - Self-Actualization |
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Cognitive Approach to Motivation
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provide intrinsic motivation
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Locus of Control
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where do we "lie blame" for an outcome; do we think we can control by trying harder?
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Sociocultural Theory of Motivation
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- who/ what do people ID with
- ID'd by "community" around them - influenced by social groups and status |
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Mastery/ Learning Goals
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personal intention to improve no matter how awkward you appear; there is more investment here
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Performance Learning Goals
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These learners care about demonstrating their ability to others; they can actually interfere with learning.
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Performance Learner's Concerns
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They are about winning and beating others
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Student expectations
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- Mastery Oriented
- Failure Avoiding - Failure Accepting |
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Mastery Oriented
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-accepts criticism
-eager to get better - isn't afraid of failure |
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Failure Avoiding
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- sets performance goals
- feel only as smart as their results - no self-efficacy - takes fewer risks as a defense |
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Failure accepting
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- thinks they don't have the ability
- feels incompetent - failure is not their fault |
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Learned Helplessness
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people who believe that outcomes in their lives are mostly uncontrollable and will lead to failure
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People w/learned helplessness respond by ...
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losing motivation
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Rules
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-Statements specifying expected and forbidden behaviors; do's & don't's
- Often written down |
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Procedures/ Routines
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- Prescribed steps for a activity;how to's
- Seldom written down - Everyday uses |
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Classroom Manament
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Techniques used to maintain a healthy learning environment, relatively free of behavior problems
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Best was to avoid discipline problems is ...
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keep the class engaged in productive learning
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How do you make transition int eh classroom between activities?
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- Overlapping
- Group Focus - Movement Management |
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Overlapping
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keeping track of and supervising several activities at the same time
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Group Focus
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keeping as many students as possible involved in class activities and avoiding narrowing in on just one or two students.
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Movement Management
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keeping the lesson and groups moving at an appropriate pace w/ smooth transitions.
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Participation Structure
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- formal and informal rules for how to take part in any activity
- helps everyone know HOW to participate |
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Paraphrase Rule
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- listeners must be ale to accurately summarize what a speaker said before being allowed to respond
- encourages accurate commo |
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Empathetic Listening
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Hearing the intent and emotions behind what another is saying and reflecting them back by paraphrasing
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Gordon's No Lose Method
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- 6 steps
- needs of teacher and student are taken into account - no one is expected to give in completely - all retain respect for each other 7 themselves - |
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6 Steps to Gordon's No Lose Method
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- define problem
- generate many possible solutions - evaluate each solution - Make decision - Determine implementation of solution - Evaluate success |
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Dealing with Violent/ hostile students
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- make eye contact w/ offender
- try verbal hints (insert name into lecture) - ask students if they know negative effects - remind student of procedures and rules - state correct rule or procedure - Tell student to stop - offer a choice |
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Cognitive Objectives
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Instructional Objectives stated in terms of higher-level thinking operations
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Bloom's Taxonomy
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classification of system created that breaks down objectives into three domains; originally targeted at higher ed
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3 Domains of Bloom's Taxonomy
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Cognitive
Psychomotor Affective |
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Bloom's taxonomy
Cognitive Domain |
Memory and reasoning
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Bloom's Taxonomy
Psychomotor Domain |
Physical ability and coordination objectives
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Blooms Taxonomy
Affective Domain |
Focusing on attitudes and feelings
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Seatwork
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- Independent classroom work
- follows a lesson plan - requires careful monitoring |
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Convergent Questioning
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Questions that have a single correct answer
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Divergent Questions
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questions that have no single correct anwers
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What do you do after asking a question?
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- accept if answer is right
- give feedback is answer i hesitant but right - probe for more info is answer is wrong - move on if answer is wrong & silly |
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Objective Tests
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- multi-choice
- t/f - short answer - fill-in answers - requires no interpretation |
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Multiple Choice Tests
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- endorsed by half Pub Scl Teachers
tests facts - |
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Portfolios
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- collection of student's work
- shows growth - allows for reflection - provides achievement |
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Exhibitions
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-performance test w/ 2 added features
- usually public - takes longer to prepare |