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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Homeostasis |
The body’s ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world is changing |
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Cell |
The smallest unit of biological organization that can undergo the activities associated with life ,such as metabolism, response, and reproduction. |
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Cell Theory |
States that all living things are composed of cells, and that the cell is the basic unit of structure and function of all living things. |
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Unicellular |
Bacteria and many protists such as green algae and the paramecium are composed of one cell. |
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Multicellular |
Organisms composed of many cells, such as the azalea, mushroom, and the walrus |
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Prokaryotic cells |
Lack a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles such as mitochondria. |
Smaller than eukaryotic cells |
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Eukaryotic cells |
Membrane bound nucleus. Structurally complex, surrounded by plasma and a cell membrane, and are larger than prokaryotic cells |
Members of kingdom: protista, plantae, fungi, and animalia |
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Tissues |
Groups of cells and their intercellular substances similar in structure and function. |
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Biological levels of organization |
1) atoms 2) molecules 3) cells 4) tissues 5) organs 6) organ system 7) organism |
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Archaebacteria |
Kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cells walls do not contain peptidoglycan. |
Found living in extreme environments. |
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Eubacteria |
Kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls are made up of peptidoglycan |
True bacteria |
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Fibriae |
Short, hair like structures that aid in attachment. |
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Pili |
Rigid, hairlike structures important for attachment and the exchange of genetic information |
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Flagellum |
Elongated structure used for locomotion; the number of flagella and their location are important in determining the species of bacteria. |
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Capsule |
Protective slime-like area lying outside the cell wall that helps the bacterium adhere to certain surfaces, keeps it from drying out. |
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Cyanobacteria |
Photosynthetic eubacteria. Common and can be found in soil, sidewalks, and bodies of water. |
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Nostoc |
Seen at the magnification of 400x and is dark purple with a chain-like structure. |
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Oscillatoria |
Seen with a magnification or 400x and is green with string-like structure. |
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Anabaena |
Seen with a magnification of 400x and has a green bead-like structure. |
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Cell wall |
In eubacteria, a peptidoglycan envelope that provides protection and shape. |
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Plasma membrane |
Phospholipid bilayer that provides support and regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell. |
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Cytoplasm |
Semi fluid medium within the cell. |
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Nucleoid |
Region that houses the bacterial DNA in a single chromosome; some bacteria possess small circular fragments of DNA called plasmids. |
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Ribosome |
Site of protein synthesis |
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Fimbriae |
Short, hair like structures important for attachment and the exchange of genetic information |
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Fimbriae |
Short, hair like structures important for attachment and the exchange of genetic information |
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Pili |
Rigid, hair like structure important for attachment and the exchange of genetic info |
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Fimbriae |
Short, hair like structures important for attachment and the exchange of genetic information |
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Pili |
Rigid, hair like structure important for attachment and the exchange of genetic info |
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Flagellum |
Elongated structure used for locomotion; the number of flagella and their location are important in determining the species of bacteria |
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Capsule |
Protective slime-like area lying outside the cell wall that helps the bacterium adhetento certain surfaces. |
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Volvox sp. |
Seen with 100x magnification and has many purple bubbles with two darker bubbles. |
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Amoeba proteus |
Seen at a magnification of 400x and looks like a pink fetus. |
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Spirogyra |
Seen at a magnification of 400x and is green, thick, and tubular. |
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Paramecium |
Seen at a magnification of 400x and is difficult to see because bacteria is clear and consistently moving. |
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Baker’s yeast |
Seen with a total magnification of 100x and is blotched with dots and not much color |
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Baker’s yeast |
Seen with a total magnification of 100x and is blotched with dots and not much color |
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Why does yeast have a chariot of smell? |
It has a distinct souring smell. This is due to the fact that it is fungi. |
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Are yeast cells observed prokaryotic or eukaryotic? |
Eukaryotic. Complex cellular structure with membrane bound organelles. |
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Yeast and paramecia |
Seen with 400x magnification and looks similar to an arrowhead filled with and surrounded by small bubbles. |
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Plant epidermal tissue |
Total magnification of 100x and dark branch-like structures |
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Wet mount of onion skin |
Magnification of 400x and clear but visible |
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Elodea |
Seen with a magnification of 40x and is colored green similar to the structure of a pineapple crown. |
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Elodea |
Seen with a magnification of 40x and is colored green similar to the structure of a pineapple crown. |
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Function of collenchyma |
Creates support structure for plant |
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Elodea |
Seen with a magnification of 40x and is colored green similar to the structure of a pineapple crown. |
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Function of collenchyma |
Creates support structure for plant |
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Structure observed writhing the elodea cells |
Nucleus Cell wall Choroplast |
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Why is the elodea lead easy to study? |
Leaves are only two cells thick which makes it easy to view photosynthetic cells |
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Where is the nucleus and most of the chloroplasts located in the onion and elodea cells? |
At the periphery of the cytoplasm. |
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Eukaryotic vs. prokaryotic |
E: membrane-bound organelle & linear strands of DNA P: found in bacteria. No nucleus or membrane bound organelles. DNA is smaller and circular |
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