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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
cyclophosphamide, drug class
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alkylating agent, cycle specific
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cyclophosphamide, side fx
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hemorrhagic cystitis
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alkylating agents
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cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, nitrosoureas, busulfan, cisplatin, carboplatin
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cisplatin side fx
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nephro- ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy and nausea/emesis
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cytotoxic ABX
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doxorubicin
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doxorubicin, side fx
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cardiotoxicity
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methotrexate drug class
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antimetabolite, inhibits DNA synth
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methotrexate side fx
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stomatitis, pulmonary/hepatic probs, restrict OH intake
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vincristine, drug class
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mitotic inhibitor
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vincristine side fx
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neurotoxicity, interferes with mitotic spindle formation so longer nerves may be damaged
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ABX, 5 MoA
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1. inhibit cell wall synth, 2. inhibit protein synth, 3. disrupt membrane perm, 4. inhibit nucleic acid synth, 5. inhibit specific pathways
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cell wall synth blockers (2)
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penicillins, cephalosporins
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protein synth blockers (4)
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aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, erythromycin
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disrupt membrane permeability (3)
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amphotericin B, polymycin, nystatin
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inhibit nucleic acid synth (2)
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rifampin, antivirals
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inhibit pathways (2)
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sulfonamides, anti-TB agents
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important allergies, drug classes (2)
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penicillin, sulfonamide
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may induce aplastic anemia
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chloramphenicol
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danger of broad spectrum ABX
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superinfection, pseudomembranous colitis
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danger of tetracycline long term use (acne)
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superinfection of candidiasis
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cephalosporins and BBB
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cannot cross
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4 ways bacteria develop resistance:
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enzymes, permeability, alter target of drug, alter metabolic path
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penicillin G modifications (5)
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1. efficacy v gram neg | 2. degradation by gastric acid | 3. rapid excretion | 4. hydrolyzed by beta-lactamase and penicillinase | 5. urticarial, anaphylactic rxns
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penicillins (2)
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ampicillin, ticarcillin
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cephalosporins, gen notes
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later gens more effective against gram neg, broader spectrum; NOT first line rx
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aminoglycosides, MoA
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inhibit bacterial protein synthesis
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prototype aminoglycoside
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gentamycin; take peak and trough reading
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aminoglycosides are NOT given with...
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bacteriostatics
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side fx of aminoglycosides
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nephro-, ototoxicity; NMJ blocking fx.
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tetracyline MoA
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bacteriostatic, inhibit protein synthesis; broad spectrum
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macrolide prototype
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erythromycin
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macrolide MoA
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broad spectrum bacteriostatic, inhibits protein synth
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sulfonamides, prototype
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sulfisoxazole
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sulfonamides, MoA
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interfere with PABA conversion
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sulfonamides, indications
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UTI, bacterial infections of the kidney?
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sulfonamides, side fx
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allergy, crystalluria, bone marrow tox; can displace bilirubin
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tx sulfonamide tox
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reduce dose, maintain adequate urine output, alkalinizing urine
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fluoroquinolones
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ciprofloxacin, potent broad spectrum ABX (alter bacterial DNA)
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chloramphenicol
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inhibit protein synth, most likely to cause serious side fx (aplastic anemia), can cause gray baby syndrome
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asymptomatic TB tx
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isoniazid
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symptomatic TB
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isoniazid, rifampin (can +ethambutol, streptomycin)
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tx side fx of isoniazid
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vit b6
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side fx of isoniazid
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hepatitis, neuropathy (B6)
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rifampin side fx
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turn bodily fluids red orange
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ethambutol side fx
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loss of green color vision and reduced visual acuity
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antiviral agents (2)
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acyclovir, amantadine
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antimalarials (2)
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chloroquine, primaquin
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glucocorticoids, side fx: blood glucose changes
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hyperglycemia
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glucocorticoids, side fx: fat deposits
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relocalized (fat face)
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glucocorticoids, side fx: wound healing
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reduced
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glucocorticoids, side fx: muscle
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muscle wasting
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glucocorticoids, side fx: osteoporosis
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yes, increased blood calcium
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glucocorticoids, side fx: intraorbital pressure
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increased, leads to cataracts
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glucocorticoids, side fx: serum lipids, cholesterol
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increase
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glucocorticoids, side fx: ulcers
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increased- thin mucous produced
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glucocorticoids, side fx: water, Na retention
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increased
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glucocorticoids, side fx: edema
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YEP
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glucocorticoids, side fx: immune response
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decreased
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mineralocorticoids, side fx: HTN
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yep
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mineralocorticoids, side fx: edema
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increased water/Na retention
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mineralocorticoids, side fx: potassium levels
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decrease-> hypokalemia
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