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86 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Skull |
Composed of the cranium and facial bones
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Cranial Vault
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Formes the superior, lateral and posterior walls of the skull
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Cranial Floor |
Formes the bottom wall of the skull
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Frontal Bone |
Forms the forehead, superior part of the orbit, and floor of anterior cranial fossa
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Supraorbital foramen
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Opening above each orbit allowing blood and nerve vessels to pass
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Glabella
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Smooth area between the eyes
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Parietal Bone
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Posterolateral to the frontal bone, forming sides of cranium
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Sagittal Suture |
Midline articulation point of the two parietal bones
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Coronal Suture
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Point of articulation of parietals with frontal bone.
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Temporal Bone |
Inferior to the parietal bone, and composed of 4 different regions.
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4 Regions of temporal Bone
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Squamous Region, Tympanic Region, Mastoid Region and Petrous Region.
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Squamous Suture |
Point of articulation of the temporal bone with the parietal bone.
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Zygomatic Process
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A bridgelike projection projection joiing the zygomaticbone and temperal bone.
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Mandibular Fossa
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Rounded depression on the inferior surface forming the socket for the mandibular condyle (point where mandible joings the cranium)
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External Acoustic Meatus
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Canal leading to eardrum and middle ear
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Styloid Process
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Stylus looking projection inferior to external acoustic meatus; attachement point for muscles and ligaments of the neck.
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Mastoid Process |
Full of air cavities and close to the middle ear; often becomes infected with the ear called mastoiditis.
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Meningitis |
Inflamation of the brain coverings often originating from an inflamed mastoi process.
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Stylomastoid Foramen
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Tiny opening between the mastoid and styloid processes through which cranial nerve IX leaves the cranium.
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Jugular Foramen
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Opening medial to the styloid process through which the internal jugular vein and cranial nerves IX, X and XI pas.
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Carotid Canal
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Opening medial to the styloid process through which the internal carotid artery passes into the cranial cavity
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Internal Acoustic Meatus
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Opening on posterior aspect of temporal bone allowing passage of cranial nerves VII and VIII
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Foramen Lacerum
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Jagged opening between the petrous temporal bone and the phenoid providing passage for a number of small nerves and for the internal carotid artery to enter the middle cranial fossa
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Occipital Bone
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Most posterior bone of the cranium, forms floor and back wall. Joins sphenoid bone anteriorly
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Lambdoid Suture |
Site of articulation of occipital bone and parietal bones
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Foramen Magnum
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Large opening in base of occipital which allows the spinal cord to join with the brain.
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Occipital condyles
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Rounded projections lateral to the foramen magnum that articulate with the first cervical vertebra
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Hypoglossal Canal
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Opening medial and superior to the occipital condyle through which the hypoglossal nerve passes
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External Occipital Crest
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Mmidline prominence posterior to the foramen magnum
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External Occipital Protuberance |
Lateral prominence posterior to the foramen magnum
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Sphenoid Bone
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Bat shaped bone forming the anterior plateau of the middle cranial fossa across the width of the skull. Keystone of the cranium because it articulates with all other cranial bones.
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Greater Wings
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Portion of the sphenoid seen exteriorly anterior to the temporal and forming part of the eye orbits
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Pterygoid processes |
Inferiorly directed trough-shaped projections from the junction of the body and the greater wings.
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Superior Orbital Fissures
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Jagged openings in orbits providing passage for cranial nerves where they serve the eyes.
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Sella turcica |
A saddle shaped region in the sphenoid midline. The seat of this saddle , called hypophyseal fossa surrounds the pituitary gland.
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Lesser Wings
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Bat-shaped portions of the sphenoid anterior to the stella turcica |
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Optic Canals
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Openings in the base of the lesser wing through which the optic nerve enters the orbits to serve the eyes
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Foramen Rotundum
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Opening lateral to the stella turcica providing passage for a branch of te V cranial nerve
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Foramen Ovale
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Opening posterior to the sella turcica providing passage for a branch of the fifth cranial nerve
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Ethmoid Bone
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Irregularly shaped bone anterior to the sphenoid. Forms the roof of the nasal cavity, upper nasal septum and part of the medial orbit walls.
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Crista galli
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Vertebral projection providing a point of attachment for the dura mater, helping to secure the brain within the skull
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Cribriform plates
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Bony plates lateral to the crista galli through which olfactory fibers pass to the brain from the nasal mucosa.
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Perpendicular plate
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Inferior projection of the ethmoid that forms the superior part of the nasal septum
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Lateral masses
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Irregularly shaped and thin-walled bony regions flanking the perpendicular plate laterally.
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Superior and middle nasal conchae
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Thin, delicately coiled plates of bone extending medially from the lateral masses of the ethmoid into the nasal cavity.
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Mandible
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The lower jawbone, which articulates with the temporal bones in the only freely movable joints of the skull
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Mandibular Body
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Horizontal portion; forms the chin.
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Mandibular Ramus
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Vertical extensions of the body on either side
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mandibular condyle
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Articulation point of the mandible with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone
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Coronoid Process
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Jutting anterior potion of the ramus; site of muscle attachment
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Mandibular angle
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posterior point at which ramus meets the body
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Mental Foramen
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Prominent opening on the body that transmits the mental blood vessels and nerve to the lower jaw
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Mandibular Foramen
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Permits passage of the nerve involved with tooth sensation
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Maxillae
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Two bones fused in a median suture; forming the upper jaw and part of the orbits. Connects to all facial bones except maxillae.
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Aveolar Margin
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Inferior margin containing sockets in which teeth lie.
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Palatine processes
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Forms the anterior hard palate; meet medially in the intermaxillary suture.
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Infraorbital foramen
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Opening under the orbit carrying the infraorbital nerves and blood vessels to the nasal region.
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Incisive fossa
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Large bilateral opening located posterior to the central incisor tooth of the maxilla and piercing the hard palate
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Lacrimal Bone
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Fingernail sized bones forming a part of the medial orbit walls between the maxilla and the ethmoid. Each is pierced by an opening the lacrimal fossa which serves as a passageway for tears.
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Palatine Bone
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Paired bones posterior to the palatine processes; form posterior hard palate and part of the orbit
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Zygomatic Bone
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Lateral to the maxilla; forms the portion of the face commonly called the cheekbone and forms part of the lateral orbit.
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Nasal Bone
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Small rectangular bones forming the bridge of the nose
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Vomer
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Blade-shaped bone in median plane of nasal cavity that forms the posterior and inferior nasal septum
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Inferior Nasal Conchae
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Thin curved bones protruding medially form the lateral walls of the nasal cavity; serve the same purpose as the turbinate portions of the ethmoid bone
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Paranasal Sinuses
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The sinuses are found in four bones; Maxillary, Sphenoid, Ethmoid and Frontal
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Hyoid Bone
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Bone in the neck that is not really considered a skull bone.
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Body
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Rounded central potion of the vertebra, which faces anteriorly in the human vertebral column
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Vertebral Arch
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Composed of pedicles, laminae and spinous process
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Vertebral foramen
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Opening enclosed by the body and vertebral arch
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Transverse Process
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Two lateral projections from the vertebral arch
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Spinous Process
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Single medial and posterior projection from the vertebral arch
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Superior and Inferior Articular Processes
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Paired projections lateral to the vertebral foramen that enable articulation with adjacent vertebrae.
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Intervertebral foramina
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Creates openings for the spinal nerves to leave
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Sacrum
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Composite bone formed from the fusion of 5 vertebrae
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Median sacral crest
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A remnant of the spinous processes of the fused vertebrae
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Alae
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Winglike process that articulate laterally with the hip bones
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Sacral foramina
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Foramen on the sacrum that allow passage of nerves and blood vessels
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Sacral Hiatus
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Large opening on the posterior of the sacrum
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Coccyx
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The human tailbone formed by 3-5 fused vertebrae
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Sternum
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The breastbone composed of the fussion of three bones; manubrium, body, and xiphoid processes
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Manubrium
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Looks like the knot of a tie and articulates with the clavicle
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Body
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Forms the bulk of the sternum
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Xiphoid Process
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Composes the inferior end of the sternum.
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Jugular Notch
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Superior landmark of the sternum
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Sternal Angle
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Landmark formed from the fussion of the manubrium and body of the sternum
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Xiphisternal Joint
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Lankmark were the body and xiphoid process articulate on the sternum.
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