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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Trapezius
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Superficial muscle of back
Origin: Skull, ligamentum nuchae, and vertebral spines Inserts: Scapula (Spine and Acromium) and clavicle Function: Elevates, retracts, and rotates scapula Innervation: Accessory nerve (CN XI) |
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Latissimus Dorsi
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Superficial muscle of back
Origin: Iliac crests and associated foscia Inserts: Humerus Function: Adduction, medial rotation of arm (humerus) Innervation: Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8) |
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Levator Scapulae
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Superficial muscle of back; Deep to Trapezius
Origin: Vertebrae Insertion: Sperior medial border of scapula Function: Elevation of Scapula Innervation: C3 and C4 (upper part) and dorsal scapular nerve (C5) |
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Rhomboid Major and Minor
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Superficial muscle of back; Deep to Trapezius
Origin: Vertebrae or ligamentum nuchae Insertion: Medial border of scapula Function: Retract scapula Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve |
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Serratus Posterior Superior
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Intermediate muscle of back (Function in respiration)
Deep to rhomboids Origin: Vertebrae and ligamentum nuchae Insertion: Ribs Function: Elevates ribs Innervation: Segmentally innervated by ventral rami of spinal nerves |
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Serratus Posterior Inferior
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Intermediate Muscle of the back; deep to latissimus dorsi
Origin: Vertebrae Insertion: Ribs Function: Depresses Ribs Innervation: Ventral rami of spinal nerves |
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Splenius
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Deep (native) muscle of the back consisting of multiple muscle bundles
Wrapped around other deep muscles in neck Origin: Vertebrae or ligamentum nuchae Insertion: Skull or more superior vertebrae Function: Extends and rotates head Innervation: Segmentally innerv. by dorsal rami of spinal nerves |
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Erector Spinae
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Deep muscle of back
Consists of iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis parts Origin: Iliac crests and vertebrae Insertion: More superior vertebrae, ribs, and skull Function: Major extensor of spine; also laterally bends spine Innervation: Segmentally innervated by dorsal rami of spinal nerves Associated with back strain and lower back pain |
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Transversospinalis
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Deep back muscle; deep to erector spinae
Consists of semispinalis (most superficial) multifidus, and rotatores Origin: Vertebrae Insertion: More superior vertebrae and skull Function: Extends head and upper spine(semispinalis) and stabilizes vertebrae (multifidus and rotatores Innervation: Dorsal rami of spinal nerves |
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Deltoid
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Scapula Region
Origin: Spine and acromium of scapula and from clavicle Insertion: Humerus Function: Abductor of arm; also flexes and medially rotates arm (anterior fibers), extends and laterally rotates arm (posterior fibers) Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5, C6) |
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Supraspinous
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Scapula Region
Origin: Supraspinatus Fossa of scapula Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus Function: Abduction of arm Innervation: Supracscapular nerve (C5,C6) |
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Infraspinous
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Origin: Infraspinatus fossa of scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus Function: Lateral rotation of arm Innervation: Suprascapular nerve (C5, C6) |
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Teres Minor
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Origin: Lateral border of scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus Function: Laterally rotates arm Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5, C6) |
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Teres Major
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Origin: Inferolater part of scapula
Insertion: Humerus, near insertion of latissimus dorsi Function: Adduction and medial rotation of arm Innervation: Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6) |
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Subscapularis
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Scapula Region
Origin Subscapular fossa of scapula Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus Function: Medial rotation of arm Innervation: Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6) |
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Rotator Cuff
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Scapula Region
Muscles: Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, ters minor, subscapularis ("SITS" Function: Hold humeral head in glenoid fossa during all movements of shoulder joint |
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Quadrangular Space
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Scapula Region
Boundaries: Teres minor, teres major, long head of triceps brachii, and surgical neck of humerus Importance: Axillary nerve passes through to supply deltoid and teres minor and can be injured by fracture of surgical neck of humerus |
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Pectoralis Major
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Pectoral Region
Origin: Clacicle, sternum, and ribs Insertion: Humerus near insertions of latissiumus dorsi and teres major Function: Adducts and medially rotates arm; also fleses arm (clavicular portion) and extends arm (sternocostal portion) Innervation: Clavicular fibers by lateral pectoral nerve (C5-C7), sternocostal fibers by medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1) |
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Pectoral Minor
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Deep to pectoralis major
Origin: ribs Insertion: coracoid process of scapula Function: stabilizes scapula Innervation: Pierced and innervated by medial pectoral nerve |
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Subclavius
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Pectoral region
Origin: First rib Insertion: Clavicle Function: Pulls acromion anteriorly through clavicle Innervation: Nerve to subclavious (C5,C6) |
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Serratus Anterior
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Pectoral region
Origin: Ribs Insertion: Medial border of scapula Function: Protraction of scapula and holds it against thoracic wall Innervation: Long thoraci nerve (C5-C7) Injured by surgery or trauma to lateral thoracic wall; paralysis of muscle causes "winged scapula" |
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Axilla
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Pyramidal-shaped space between upper limb and thoracic wall; contains great vessels and nerves of upper limb
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Upper Brachial Plexus Injury
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Cause: Excessive angulation between shoulder and neck or stretching of neck; damage to C5 and C6 rami or upper trunk
Symptoms: Loss of most of shoulder and all anterior arm motions (arms adducted and medially rotated with loss of forearm flexion and supination Called Erb's palsy or " waite's tip position" |
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Coracobrachialis
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Flexer muscle of arm (brachium)
Origin: Coracoid process of scapula Insertion: Humerus Function: flexes and adducts arm |
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Biceps brachii
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Flexer arm muscle
Origin: coracoid process 9short head) and supraglenoid tubercle (above glenoid fossa) of scapula long head) Insertion: Radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis Function: flexes and supinates forearm, assists in flexion of arm (since both heads cross shoulder joint) Innervation: Musculotaneous nerve (continues as lateral antibrachial nerve) |
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Brachialis
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Flexer arm muscle; Deep to biceps brachii
Origin: humerus Insertion: coronoid process of ulna Function: flexes forearm (principle flexor (continues as lateral antibrachial nerve) Innervation: Musculotaneous nerve |
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Triceps (posterior) muscles
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Extensor arm muscles
Origin: Infraglenoid tubercle (below glenoid fossa) of scapula (long head) and humerus (lateral and medial heads) Insertion: Ulna (olecranon) Function: extends forearm, assists in extension and adduction of arm Innervation: Radial nerve |
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Aconeus
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Extensor muscle of arm
Originates from humerus Insertion: ulna Function: Assists triceps in extension of arm Innervation: Radial nerve |
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Brachial Artery
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Begins in teres major (continuation of axillary artery) and divides into radial and ulnar arteries in cubital fossa
Accompanies median nerve in arm Importance: Supplies all muscles of arm, forearm, and hand; used to measure blood pressure |