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97 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what are the structures seen highlighted by the arrows?
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Dohle bodies
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what are the structures seen in the WBC?
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Heinz Bodies
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What is the long light blue structure observed in the Seg neutrophil?
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May-Hegglin anomaly
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These two segmented neutrophils containing lysosomal granules are characteristic of what disease?
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Chediak Higashi syndrome
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In pseudogout, what actually are the crystals you observe in syndovial fluid?
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calcium pyrophosphate, NOT monosodium urate
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Which lab test will distinguish hemophilia A from B?
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APTT
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which anticoagulant is most commonly used for hemostasis testing?
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sodium citrate (light blue)
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which side is the cathode?
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negative (-) side
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which side is the anode ?
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positive (+) side
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define myelodysplasia
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a qualitative disorder of erythroid, myeloid, and or megakaryocytic lines. bone marrow is unable to produce these lines due to a qualitative or qualititative defect an can lead to AML
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these two neutrophils exhibit hyposegmentation. what is this disorder called?
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Pelger huet anomaly
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The cell above is in the myelogenous line. What is this cell according to maturation?
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Myeloblast
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the cell is in the myelogenous line. what is the cells maturation name?
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Promyelocyte
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this is in a myelogenous cell line. what is this cell according to maturation?
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myelocyte
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large platelets, adnormal screening tests for platelet function and moderate/severe thrombocytopenia are all characteristic of what disorder?
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Bernard Soulier syndrome
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the following was observed in synovial fluid. what are the foamy cells observed?
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synovial lining cells
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a dissolution of a clot using 5M urea indicates what deficiency?
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von Willebrand disease
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What factor is known as Stable Factor?
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factor VII
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What factor is known as Anti-hemophilic Factor?
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factor VIII
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What factor is known as Christmas Factor?
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factor IX
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What factor is known as Stuart Factor?
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factor X
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Other than a genetic sickle cell disease, what can cause a sickling event?
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temp influctuations
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fibrin clots are stablized by what two hematological necessities?
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cross linked fibrin strands and factor XIII (13)
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Hemoglobin begins to form in which stage of the erythroid line?
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polychromatic normoblast
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which beta thalassemia (minima, minor, intermedia, or major) are nRBCs likely to be seen?
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Beta Thalassemia Major
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What disease is the Philidelphia Chromosome related to?
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CLL
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in hemoglobin determination, Drakins solution is used to measure what type of hemoglobin?
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Cyanmethemoglobin
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what plasmodium species is noted if 15 paracites are observed in a single schizont with schauffners dots?
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P. vivax
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what plasmodium species is noted if only a max of 8 paracites are observed in a single schizont?
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P. malariae
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what plasmodium species is noted if only banana shaped gametocytes are observed
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P. falciparum
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what plasmodium species is noted if the slanted ring shape is observed in the RBC?
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P. ovale
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What is the unusual projection on the top end of the neutrophils nucleus?
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Barr body
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what lab findings are expected in a patient experiencing HH (hereditary hemochromatosis)?
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elevated transferrin sat
presence of HFE mutation elevated serum ferriten |
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What are the dark RBC inclusions in this photo?
what are they made of? |
Howell Jolly Bodies
erythrocyte nuclei, nuclear fragments and aggregates of chromosomes |
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What is the best way to characterize syndovial fluid?
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polarized light
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A 5 month old child has over 50% lymphs in circulation. what is notable about this finding?
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Nothing, this is typically normal for a young child (under 6 months)
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which cells typically have the most scatter when analyzed using flow cytometry?
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granulocytes
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What is a synonym for Beta Thalassemia?
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Cooleys anemia!
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What chans make up hemoglobin H?
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4 beta chains!
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what kind of cells are associated with Hodgkin Lymphoma?
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Reed sternburg cells!
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Identify the very large, double nucleated cells in the middle of this asperate.
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Reed Sternburg cells
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Why is the presence of schistocytes justified in alpha Thalassemia patients?
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the hemoglobin tetrameres can cause damage to the RBC. the schistocyte represents that something is causing the RBC to be damaged
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what is the main function of the hexose monophosphate shunt in the RBC?
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to provide reduced glutathione to prevent oxydation of hemoglobin
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hypersegmentation of the granulocyte is generally a signal of what?
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Vit B12 or folate deficiency aka from a megaloblastic anemia
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in which thalassemia would you expect to see 100% heoglobin F?
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delta-beta thal major? wtf
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what cells are a give away that a hemolytic anemia may be in effect?
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spherocytes
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indicate which lab results one would expect in the case of beta thal minor?
RBC Hgb RBC morph |
RBC count- increased
Hgb- normal or slight decreased RBC morph- codocytes, basophilic stippling, microcytes |
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in the case of Rouleaux, what other abnormal finding would one expect?
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increased sed rate
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tear drop cells can be associated with these three diseases?
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myelofibrosis, thalassemia and myelophthisis
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what kind of RBC morphology is associated with abetalipoproteinemia?
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acanthocytes generally accompany lipid disorders
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alpha thalassemias can form which hemoglobins?
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Hgb Barts and Hgb H
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what does polikocytosis mean?
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differentiation in RBC shape
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the banded neutrophil is exhibiting what anomaly?
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cytotoxic granulation
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define anisocytosis
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variation of RBC size
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What is brilliant Cresyl blue stain used for?
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reticulocytes
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how do you determine the calculation on a hemocytometer?
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WBC count= (dilutionx # counted cells x 10) / [# mm^2]
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which conditions would you associate with a g6pd deficiency?
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precipitation of hemoglobin
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what is the coding for alpha hemoglobin chains?
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4 gene loci, two each on chromosome 16
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This giant multinucleated cell was seen in the cerebrospinal fluid. what is it?
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multinucleated histocyte
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How do you calculate MCV?
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[(HCT%)/ (rbc/L)] x 10
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How do you calculate MCH?
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(Hgb/RBC) x 10
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how do you calculate MCHC?
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(hgb/hct) x100
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What is the formula for correcting the WBC count?
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WBC count corrected= uncorrected count x (100/nRBCs +100
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What test can you run to determine if a fetus has Down syndrome or a Open Neural Tube defect?
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mothers alpha fetoprotein
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What is this cell? what are the dropelets made of? what is it suggestive of?
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Mott Cell
Droplets are Russel bodies aka mucopolysaccharides suggestive of Multiple Myeloma |
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What is a common RBC morphology finding in patients with Multiple Myeloma?
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Rouleaux
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Which B cell markers indicate that the B cell is fully matured?
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markers 19, 20 and K or L
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which test is used to monitory oral anticoagulation therapy?
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Prot
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What factors are in the intrinsic pathway?
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XII, XI, VIII, IX
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what factors are in the extrensic pathway?
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VII
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What factors are in the common pathway?
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X, II, V, XIII
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What happens to Erythrocytes during the staining process for flow cytometry?
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they are lysed
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When is a LAP stain necessary?
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to determine if the increase in myelogenous cells are infectious or cancerous (CML versus infection)
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what are the RBC inclusions shown and what are they made from?
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Pappenheimer bodies are siderotic granules
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What is the most common early abnormality observed in lymphnodes of AIDS patients?
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reactive lymphadenopathy
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Which two stains are routine for bone marrow slide preps?
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Prussian blue and Romanosky
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which virus is most often reported as the cause of infection leading to aplastic crisis in a patient with sickle cell disease?
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Parvovirus B19
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what is this cell?
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plasma cell
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what is the interpretation if cells stain positive with acid phosphate and are NOT inhibitied with tartrate?
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positive TRAP test
Hairy Cell Leukemia |
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What causes are linked to basophilic stippling?
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reticulocytosis as a result from hemolytic anemia, megaloblastic anemia, lead poisoning and thalassemias
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What is the HFE genotype that is most common in patients with hereditatry hemochromatosis (HH)?
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homozygous for C282Y
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How do you monitor warfarin based oral anticoagulant therapy?
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PT/INR
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What is an FDA approved therapeutic angent for treating sickle cell patients?
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hydroxyurea
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associate three causes with RBC macrocytosis
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alcohol, hypothyroidism and b12 def
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what lab finding will mark the end of the initial phase of HH treatment?
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when serum ferritin decreases between 20-50 ng/ml
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is the tube on the left or the right positive for sickle?
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right- turbitity is a positive interpretation for sickle cell disease
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which CD marker is associated with stem cells?
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CD34
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If the patient has RBCs containing Hgb S what will induce the sickling phenomenon?
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a reducing agent will trigger the sickling phenomenon
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Protein C, Protein S and antithrombin III all cause (hyper or hypo) coagulability?
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Hypercoagulability or thrombitic tendencies
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the beta chain is on the same loci as which two other genes?
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delta and gamma
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what is the mechanism of heparin induced thrombocytopenia?
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Ab directed against platelet factor 4 (PF4) and heparin complex
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What radioactive method isotope is used to measure red cell survival?
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Cr51
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What two disease are associated with macrocytic anemias?
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pernicious anemia and folic acid def anemia
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which two diseases are associated wtih microcytic hypochromic anemias?
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Coolies anemia (Beta thalassemia) and iron def anemia
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which cells express CD 3 and CD4?
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Cd3- all T cells
CD4- only T helper cells |
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What is the pathophysiology of the iron overload in hereditary hemochromatosis?
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absorption of excess amounts of iron in the small intestine
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In HH what is the most common early symptom?
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joint pain
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