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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Nuremburg Trials
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war crimes trials of high ranking nazi officials held by an international military tribunal in nurembery germany, began in 1945
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United Nations
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est june 1945 in SF, founded on idea of peace cooperation, no real power to enforce, later adopts armed forces for peacekeeping tasks
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founding of Israel
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euro jews move to palestine (given up by GB), Israel for Jews, Palestine for arabs,
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Zionism
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movement for Jewish homeland in palestine
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Reasons for Arab-Israeli war
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don't recognize Israel, see Jews as squatters on their land, UN intervenes, Israel gets more land, Gaza strip- Egypt, Jerusalem divded
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origins of the Cold War
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struggle for international dominance, mostly politically and economically, democracy vs communism
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Truman Doctrine
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policy to support free peoples resisting subjugation by armed forces, in response to threats in Greece and Turkey- successfully achieved stability
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Marshall Plan
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W. Europe needs economic aid (economic instability – easy prey for communism), ease economic distress, stabilize democracy there, successful
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Berlin Airlift
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Soviets blockade W. Berlin, allies need berlin to solidify all of w germany, soviets isolate berlin, us drops supplies from air, soviets humiliated, w and e germ formed
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NATO vs Warsaw Pact
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alliance of defense in case of attack, first US peacetime alliance since constitution, soviets reject- instead form alliance w/ other communist countries in e europe
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Nuremburg Trials
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war crimes trials of high ranking nazi officials held by an international military tribunal in nurembery germany, began in 1945
|
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United Nations
|
est june 1945 in SF, founded on idea of peace cooperation, no real power to enforce, later adopts armed forces for peacekeeping tasks
|
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founding of Israel
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euro jews move to palestine (given up by GB), Israel for Jews, Palestine for arabs,
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Zionism
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movement for Jewish homeland in palestine
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Reasons for Arab-Israeli war
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don't recognize Israel, see Jews as squatters on their land, UN intervenes, Israel gets more land, Gaza strip- Egypt, Jerusalem divded
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origins of the Cold War
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struggle for international dominance, mostly politically and economically, democracy vs communism
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Truman Doctrine
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policy to support free peoples resisting subjugation by armed forces, in response to threats in Greece and Turkey- successfully achieved stability
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Marshall Plan
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W. Europe needs economic aid (economic instability – easy prey for communism), ease economic distress, stabilize democracy there, successful
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Berlin Airlift
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Soviets blockade W. Berlin, allies need berlin to solidify all of w germany, soviets isolate berlin, us drops supplies from air, soviets humiliated, w and e germ formed
|
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NATO vs Warsaw Pact
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alliance of defense in case of attack, first US peacetime alliance since constitution, soviets reject- instead form alliance w/ other communist countries in e europe
|
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Nuremburg Trials
|
war crimes trials of high ranking nazi officials held by an international military tribunal in nurembery germany, began in 1945
|
|
United Nations
|
est june 1945 in SF, founded on idea of peace cooperation, no real power to enforce, later adopts armed forces for peacekeeping tasks
|
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founding of Israel
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euro jews move to palestine (given up by GB), Israel for Jews, Palestine for arabs,
|
|
Zionism
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movement for Jewish homeland in palestine
|
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Reasons for Arab-Israeli war
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don't recognize Israel, see Jews as squatters on their land, UN intervenes, Israel gets more land, Gaza strip- Egypt, Jerusalem divded
|
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origins of the Cold War
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struggle for international dominance, mostly politically and economically, democracy vs communism
|
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Truman Doctrine
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policy to support free peoples resisting subjugation by armed forces, in response to threats in Greece and Turkey- successfully achieved stability
|
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Marshall Plan
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W. Europe needs economic aid (economic instability – easy prey for communism), ease economic distress, stabilize democracy there, successful
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Berlin Airlift
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Soviets blockade W. Berlin, allies need berlin to solidify all of w germany, soviets isolate berlin, us drops supplies from air, soviets humiliated, w and e germ formed
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NATO vs Warsaw Pact
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alliance of defense in case of attack, first US peacetime alliance since constitution, soviets reject- instead form alliance w/ other communist countries in e europe
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Communism in china
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(Chaing Kai Shek)nat'list leader killed communists after Japanese invasion, communists gain hold in N China, chinese civil war, falls to communism (Mao Zedong)
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Mao Zedong and Communism
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communist leader after chinese civil war, US won't recognize ppl's republic of china, soviets do, UN seat stays with nat'lists now exiled in taiwan
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Chiang KAi Shek and Nationalist Party (KMT)
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killed communists on "long march"- broke truce after japanese invasion of china, lost respect of ppl- too concerned with fighting commies instead of japanese
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Korea post WWII- US vs USSR occupation
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democracy (Syngman Rhee=weak) vs communism (Kim Il Sung)
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38th Parallel
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line at which korea was split post WWII
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What led to the Korean War
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June 1950, Soviets in N attacked US in S, UN called for ceasefire, Russia boycotting- didnt veto
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progression of the korean war
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initially US/S korea overwhelmed, then MacArthur launched offensive, regained Seoul, pushed N past 38th parallel into N Korea, China warned US to stay back, China comes, pushes US back to 38th
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Douglas MacArthur's role in Korean war
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launched major US offensive to regain Seoul, push commies almost to chinese border, fired for publicly criticizing Truman for not declaring all out war
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Election of 1952
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Eisenhower wins- tough on communism, WWII hero, promised to end korean war
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Central Intelligence Agency
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gather strategic information, pursue cold war goals, organized military coup against Iranian govt after they nat'lized oil fields, counteracted plan of guatemalas communist Arbenz
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Suez Crisis
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US withdrew offer to finance large dam in Egypt, Egypt nationalized the dam- hurt western oil trade, western nations launch attack, Soviets support Egyptians
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Nikita Khruschev
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publicly criticized Stalin, ppl hoped he'd be different, satellite countries revolted, Khruschev's gov't crushed them, killed many,
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U-2 spy plane incident
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american plane shot down over USSR, Francis Gary Powers interrogated, Eisenhower wouldn't apologize, Kruschev wouldnt meet with DDE again
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Second Red Scare
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second big wave of anti communist sentiment in us
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Senator Joseph McCarthy
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helped fuel suspicions, claimed to have list of known commies, lack of actual evidence
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Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
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two americans executed for providing USSR with atomic energy secrets
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Cold War/arms race- effect on society
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created much anxiety- esp of nuclear attack, govt educated ppl about what to do in case of nuclear attack, people turned to religion
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Sputnik
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first artificial satellite in orbit, contributed to US-USSR race for greater space program
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NASA
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Eisenhower's way of encouraging US space technology- millions of dollars apportioned
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National Defense Education Act
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appropriate millions of dollars to improve education in science, math, foreign lang
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Problems from demobilization post WWII
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discrimination back (esp in employment- FEPC abolished), have to assimilate all vets back into workforce
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Truman's response to labor unrest
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opposed strikes (though gen. in favor of them) b/c they disrupted already unstable economy
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Taft Hartley Act
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anti-labor, 1) forbade strikes by fed employees 2) restricted union contributions to political parties 3) union leaders had to swear not commies 4) cooling off period for strikes- dangerous for nation's safety
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1948 presidential election
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democratic vote split 3 ways (ppl didn't agree with Truman's pro-integration platform), but he still won
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Truman's Fair Deal
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continuation of FDR's New Deal- social programs, supported full employment, raised min wage, nat'l health insurance, affordable housing, farm aid, increased welfare benefits, urban renewal
mostly not a success- too socialistic |
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1948
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end of segregation in military
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changes in workplace/society in 50's
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economy boosted, companies merged to form larger ones, automation of factories, suburban migration- family life (baby boom)
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rebellion among teenagers
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MAD magazine, rock n roll, juvenile delinquency, movies/music/media
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Little Rock Nince
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crisis at central high, white ppl tried to get them to leave, resisted, endured the racist comments
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Rosa Parks and Montgomery Bus Boycott
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refused to give up her seat, ppl boycotted buses- hurt whites economically, supreme ct ruled segregation on buses illegal, not enforced
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Civil Rights Act of 1957
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first since reconstruction, gave justice dept right to bring suits on behalf of aa's denied right to vote- not enforced
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Hispanic experience post WWII
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LULAC- fought for hispanic rights, ending segregation
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Asian immigration post WWII
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fear of immigration eased after WWII, repealed chinese exclusion act, still didnt fit image of "ideal American"
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urban renewal
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fix up old run down city buildings, low income public housing units, most became run down again quickly
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Relocation Act of 1956
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set up procedures to encourage Indians to move to urban areas
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