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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Define Disease |
failure of the body to function normally |
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Define Pathogens |
Disease-producing microorganism |
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Define Infection |
invasion of body by a pathogen and symptoms that develop in response |
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Define the term "Carrier" of the disease |
living organism that harbors a pathogen and acts as a source of infection |
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Define Normal Flora |
organisms that normally and harmoniously live in or on the human body without causing it disease -- prevents the over-growth of other organisms, keeping them under control |
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Define Viruses |
smallest of infectious agents, not cells and consist of either RNA or DNA protected by a protein shell |
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What is bacteria? |
single celled organisms found everywhere |
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How do viruses reproduce? |
can only reproduce in a living organism, called parasites |
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Define Fungus |
plant-like organism |
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Define Helminths |
multi-cellular animals that are parasitic & pathogenic to humans |
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Define a vector |
an object, living or non-living, transfers a pathogen from one organism to another |
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define fomite |
non-living vector (door knob) |
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What are the three groups of bacteria? |
1. Coccus (round) 2. Bacillus (rod-shaped) 3. Curved rod |
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What are the three Cocci ? |
Diplococci -- pairs Streptococci -- chains Staphylococci -- clusters, ex. grapes |
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What lab test uses colour staining to identify pathogens? |
Gram Staining: Distinguishes between gram-positive bacteria (purple) & gram-negative (pink) |
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What is the preferred method of lab tests? |
Gram stain: result in less than one hour |
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Describe how infections are transmitted |
1. Person to person contact - spread through droplets 2. Environment to person contact - contact with contaminated food, water, air, or soil 3. Tiny animal to person contact - use of insects in spread of disease: tiny animals are living vectors |
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