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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
pulmonary ventilation
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getting O2 into lungs and CO2 out of lungs
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external respiration
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getting O2 to the blood and removing CO2 away from the blood
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internal respiration
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getting O2 to the cells and removing CO2 away from the cells
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nose is what type of cartilage
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alar ("wing") cartilage (hyaline cartilage)
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enternal nare
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nostrils
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vestibule
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entrance of nose
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vibrissae
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nose hairs
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skin of nose
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stratified squamous epithelium (epidermis)
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respiratory epithelium
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pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium w/ goblet cells (mucus)
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pharynx (throat)
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lined by respiratory epithelium, composed of nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
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nasopharynx
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contains auditory tube, tubal tonsil, pharyngeal tonsil
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oropharynx
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contains palatine tonsil, lingual tonsil, epiglottis
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laryngopharynx
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contains opening into larynx
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larynx
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air passage and vocalization
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vocal fold
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sound production (true vocal cord)
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vestibular fold
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lies above vocal fold for protection (false vocal cord)
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4 laryngeal cartilages
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thyroid, arytenoid, cricoid, corniculate (all hyaline cartilage)
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thyroid
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shield shape
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arytenoid
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spoon shaped
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cricoid
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ring shaped
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corniculate
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horn shaped
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vagus nerve serves as
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motor innervation to muscles of vocalization and the larynx
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trachea
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wind pipe, C shaped, keeps air passage open
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yes/no: the angle of the left bronchus is steeper than that of the right
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yes
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how many lobes are there in the right and left lungs
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3 and 2
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each lung has an ____ fissure, the right also has a ____ fissure
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oblique, horizontal
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lingula
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oblique fissure + cardiac notch
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root
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door into lung
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visceral pleura
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part of pleura that is in contact w/ the lungs
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parietal pleura
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part of pleura that is in contact w/ the thoracic wall
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hilum of the lung
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where the parietal becomes continuous w/ the visceral pleura
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parietal pleura consists of what four parts
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costal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, cervical (cupola) pleura
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yes/no: the lung is unable to expand on its own
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yes
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recesses
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the lungs do not occupy the pulmonary cavities completely
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sensory nerves of parietal pleura
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phrenic, intercostal and dermatomes
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conducting zone (order of air flow into lungs)
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trachea, bronchus, bronchiole, terminal bronchiole
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respiratory zone (order of air flow into lungs)
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respiratory bronchiole, alveolar duct, alveolar sac, alveolus
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primary bronchi
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hyaline cartilage rings, respiratory epithelium, smooth muscle
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secondary bronchi
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hyaline cartilage plates, smooth muscle
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bronchioles
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no cartilage, smooth msucle
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terminal bronchioles (smallest bronchiole)
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no cartilage, simple cuboidal epithelium, smooth muscle
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respiratory bronchioles
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respiratory zone of lungs (O2 and CO2 exchange)
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alveolar ducts
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stem or hallway
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alveolar sacs
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bunch of grapes or central station
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alveoli
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gas filled air exchange chamber, most of lung volume
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type I cells
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simple squramous cells that make up walls of alveolus
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type II cells
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surfactant secreting simple suboidal cells
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dust cells
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alveolar machrophages
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alveolar pores
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communication between alveoli
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bronchodilation
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sympathetic innervatoin of smooth muscle
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bronchoconstriction
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parasympathetic innervation
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inspiration
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an increase in lung volume
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diaphragm
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floor of the thoracic cavity, covers the inferior thoracic aperature
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intercostal
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external (hands in pockets), internal
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quiet
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phrenic and intercostal nerves
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forced
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increased CO2 or decreased O2
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inhibition of inspiration
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stretch receptors in lungs
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diaphram is innervated by what nerves
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phrenic nerves (keeps diaphragm alive)
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intercostal muscles are innervated by what nerves
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intercostal nerves (12 pairs)
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septal cartilage of the nose
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is hyaline cartilage NOT elastic
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