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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
insulin lispro
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rapid acting, low chance of forming auto-dimers, better insulin control than reg insulin
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insulin aspart
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rapid acting, inhibits auto-aggrigation,
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regular insulin
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short acting, dose dependant, IV useable, good for IV ketoacidosis or post surgery
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Lentate insulin
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intermediate acting, dose dependant
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NPH insulin
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intermediate acting, dose dependant
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ultralentate insulin
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used in combo w injections of rapid acting insulin. Human insulin. tid.
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insulin glargine
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peakless, ultralong acting, background insulin replacement, low immunogenicity
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human insulin benefits
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less immunogenic
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insulin therapy complications
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hypoglycemia, insulin allergy (IgE), insulin resistance (IgG), lipodystrophy at injection site
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Tolbutamide
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sulfonurea, short half-life, best for older diabetics
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Sulfonureas
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up insulin release, down serum glucagon, close extrapancreatic potassium channels
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chlorpropamide
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sulfonurea. contraindicated in hepatic or renal inssuffic. prolonged hypogycemia rxns in elderly, hyperemic flush after alcohol ingestion, rare hematological toxicity.
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tolazamide
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sulfonurea. more slowly absorbed, tid.
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glyburide
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sulfonurea, potential hypoglycemia, rare flushing, up free water clearance. Coontra in renal insuff and hepatic impairment.
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glipizide
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sulfonurea. shortest halflife, less likely to cause hypoglycemia, contra in hepatic and renal impairment.
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Glimepiride
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sulfonurea, lowest dose,
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repaglinide
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meglitinide, fast onset, hypoglycemia w/ skipped meal, good for type II w/ sulfur allergy
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nateglinide
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insulin secretagogue, d-phenylalanie deriv, partially restores insulin release, low incidence of hypoglycemia, safe for renal impairment
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metformin
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biguanide, good for insulin resistance, se: anorexia, n/v, diarrhea contra:renal disease, hepatic disease
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Thiazolidinediones (Tzds)
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ligands of perioxisome proliferator activated gamma receptors (PPAR-gamma), effect lipid glucose metabolism, se: weight gainfluid retention, down LDL up HDL
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Pioglitazone
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Tzd, for type II
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rosiglitazone
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tzd, for type II
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alpha-glucosidease inhibitors
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Acarbose and miglitol. prevents absorption of some sugars. se: flatulence, abd pain, hypoglycemia. contra: renal impairment
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