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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
2 types of immunity?
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– Innate Immunity
– Adaptive Immunity |
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What type of immunity is non– specific and has no memory?
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Innate Immunity
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What type of immunity has barriers, pH extremes, phagocytes & nk cells, fever, and inflammation?
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Innate Immunity
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What type of immunity is specific and has memory?
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Adaptive Immunity
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What type of immunity has lymphocytes (T cells & B cells)?
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Adaptive Immunity
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With the lymphatic system, lymphatic tissue contains _____?
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Lymphocytes
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With the lymphatic system, lymph is formed from _____ fluid?
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Interstitial
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With functions of the lymphatic system, it activates _____?
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Defenses
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With functions of the lymphatic system, it returns _____ filtered fluid to _____?
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– Excess
– Circulation |
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With functions of the lymphatic system, it transports dietary _____?
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Lipids
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Lymphatic capillaries have a _____ diameter than blood capillaries, and _____ valves in the veins?
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– Larger
– More |
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Lymphatic system ducts?
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– Thoracic Duct (left lymphatic duct)
– Right Lymphatic Duct |
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Which lymphatic system duct drains most of body?
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Thoracic Duct (left lymphatic duct)
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Which lymphatic system duct empties into left subclavian vein?
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Thoracic Duct (left lymphatic duct)
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Which lymphatic system duct empties into the right subclavian vein?
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Right Lymphatic Duct
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Excessive accumulation of interstitial fluid?
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Edema
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With lymphatic organs, these produce lymphocytes (mature T&B cells), and is in red bone marrow?
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Primary Lymphatic Organs
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With primary lymphatic organs, what is posterior to the sternum and have mature T cells?
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Thymus
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With lymphatic organs, what store lymphocytes that are the sites of immune responses?
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Secondary Lymphatic Organs
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With lymphatic organs what has lymph nodes, spleen, and lymphatic nodules?
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Secondary Lymphatic Organs
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Lymph nodes are _____ shaped, and _____ throughout the body?
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– Bean
– Scattered |
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Lymph nodes are concentrated in what areas?
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– Mammary
– Axilla – Groin |
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Lymph nodes filter _____ & trap _____ substances?
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– Lymph
– Foreign |
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With lymph nodes these are firm, nontender, and fixed?
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Cancerous Nodes
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Spread of disease via lymphatic system?
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Metastasis
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The spleen is between the _____ & _____?
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– Stomach
– Diaphragm |
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The spleen is in what quadrant?
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Left Upper Quadrant
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The spleen is the_____storage site of lymphocytes?
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Largest
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The spleen_____blood and_____blood pathogens?
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– Filters
– Destroys |
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The removal of the spleen increases_____; blood infection?
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Sepsis
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The spleen stores?
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Platelets
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If the spleen is ruptured it may cause?
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Internal Hemorrhage
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Lymphatic nodules are located in_____membranes?
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Mucus
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With lymphatic nodules what participates in immune responses against inhaled or ingested foreign substances?
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Tonsils
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Which type of immunity is general?
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Innate Immunity
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With the innate immunity what is the physical barrier?
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Skin
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With the skin, the physical barrier, epidermal shedding removes _____?
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Microbes
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With innate immunity, what produces mucus that trap microbes removed by cilia?
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Mucous Membranes
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With innate immunity, when tears and saliva dilute and remove microbes ?
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Fluids
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4 signs and symptoms of inflammation with innate immunity?
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– Redness
– Heat – Swelling – Pain |
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With innate immunity, which step of inflammation has mast cells and basophils that release histamines that cause vasodilation?
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Step 1
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With innate immunity, which step of inflammation is where phagocytes are attracted to infection sites by chemotaxis?
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Step 2
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With innate immunity, which step of inflammation is pus formed (pocket of dead cells and fluid)?
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Step 3
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Which type of immunity is specific?
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Adaptive Immunity
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With adaptive immunity, it involves _____ or _____ production against specific antigens?
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– Cell
– Antibody |
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With adaptive immunity, a foreign substance like microbes, food, pollen, or drugs are what?
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Antigens
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Adaptive immunity is normally _____–_____?
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Self-Tolerance
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Adaptive immunity is normally self tolerant, and does not attack _____ body tissue?
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Normal
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With cell and antibody adaptive immunity, what is where cytotoxic (killer) T cells directly attack infected cells?
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Cell Adaptive
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With cell and antibody adaptive immunity, this is where B cells form plasma cells that produce antibodies?
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Antibody Adaptive
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With cell and antibody adaptive immunity, what aids both cell and antibody adaptive immunity?
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Helper T Cells
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HIV destroys _____ __ cells?
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Helper T Cells
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With maturation of B and T cells both originate from _____ cells in red bone marrow?
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Stem
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With maturation of B and T cells, _____ cells mature in the red bone marrow?
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B Cells
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With maturation of B and T cells, _____ cells migrate to thymus to mature?
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T Cells
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With maturation of B and T cells, following maturation both contain _____ antigen receptors?
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Specific
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With antigens and antibodies, what stimulates antibody (immunoglobin) production?
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Antigens
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With antigens and antibodies, what is a major histocompatibility marker, and is unique to each individual?
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Self-Antigens
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With antigens and antibodies, what region contain antigen binding sites?
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Antibody Variable
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5 types of antibodies?
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– IgG
– IgA – IgM – IgD – IgE |
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Which type of antibody is most abundant and crosses placenta?
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IgG
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Which type of antibody is found in breast milk?
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IgA
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Which type of antibody is in the ABO blood group?
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IgM
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Which type of antibody is where B cells surface?
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IgD
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Which type of antibody is allergic reactions?
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IgE
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With cell adaptive immunity, what destroys infected cells?
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Cytotoxic T Cells (killer)
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With cell adaptive immunity, what remains in lymphatic tissues for years?
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Memory T Cells
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With immunological memory (antibody secretion) the 2nd exposure is _____ and_____ intense?
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– Quicker
– More |
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With immunological memory (antibody secretion), what is the basis for vaccinations?
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Artificially Acquired Active Immunity
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With aging, _____ people are more susceptible to all types of infections?
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Elderly
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With aging, thymus atrophies has fewer ___cells?
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T Cells
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With aging, T and B cells are _____ responsive?
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Less
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