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174 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
When a computer first initializes, the ______ on the mainboard performs a Power On Self Test (POST).
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BIOS
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When a computer first initializes, the BIOS on the ______ performs a Power On Self Test (POST).
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mainboard
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When a computer first initializes, the BIOS on the mainboard performs a ______.
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Power On Self Test (POST)
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Following the POST, the BIOS checks its configuration in the ______ on the mainboard for boot devices to search for and operating systems to execute.
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CMOS chip
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After checking for an operating system on floppy disk or cd-rom devices, the computer usually then checks the _____ on the first hard disk of the computer
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MBR
Master Boot Record |
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The MBR may have a ______ on it so that it can locate and execute the kernel of the operating system.
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boot loader
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The MBR may have a boot loader on it so that it can locate and execute the ______ of the operating system.
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kernel
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The partition that the MBR points to is referred to as the ______ partition.
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active
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The Linux kernel is stored in the _____ directory.
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/boot
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True or false:
The name of the Linux kernel includes the kernel version number. |
true
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True or false:
The name of the Linux kernel includes the kernel distribution number. |
false
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True or False:
Once the Linux kernel is loaded into memory, the boot loader remains active. |
false
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Once the Linux kernel is loaded into memory, the boot loader is no longer active and the kernel continues to initialize the system by loading _____ into memory.
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daemons
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The first daemon process on the system is called ______.
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init
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The first daemon process on the system is called init which stands for ______.
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initialize daemon
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The daemon process responsible for loading all other daemons on the system is called ______.
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init
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Using the boot loader to boot one of several operating systems is known as ______.
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dual booting
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True or False:
More than one operating system may be active on a computer at any one time. |
false
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The two most common boot loaders for Linux systems today are _____ and ______.
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LILO
GRUB |
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"LILO" stands for ______.
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LInux LOader
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From the LILO boot loader screen you may press the ______ key combination to obtain a LILO boot prompt.
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ctrl + x
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The LILO boot loader may be configured by editing the _______ file.
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/etc/lilo.conf
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Lines may be commented out of /etc/lilo.conf by preceding those lines with a _____.
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#
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What does the LILO boot prompt appear as?
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boot:
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The /etc/lilo.conf keyword that specifies the absolute pathname to the Linux kernel is ______.
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image=
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The /etc/lilo.conf keyword that specifies the device that contains the Linux root filesystem is ______.
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root=
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The /etc/lilo.conf keyword that specifies the file that contains the exact location of the Linux kernel on the hard disk is ______.
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map=
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The /etc/lilo.conf keyword that specifies where LILO should be installed to is ______.
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boot=
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The /etc/lilo.conf keyword that specifies the number of 1/10th seconds to wait for user input before loading the default operating system kernel is ______.
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timeout=
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The /etc/lilo.conf keyword that specifies the absolute pathname to the file that contains the graphical LILO screen is ______.
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message=
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The /etc/lilo.conf keyword that specifies the label for the default operating system kernel is ______.
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default=
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The /etc/lilo.conf keyword that specifies that LILO uses linear sector addessing is ______.
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linear
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The /etc/lilo.conf keyword that specifies parameters that are passed to the Linux kernel when loaded is ______.
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append=
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The /etc/lilo.conf keyword that specifies the file that contains the physical layout of the disk drive is ______.
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install=
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The /etc/lilo.conf keyword that specifies the pathname to a ramdisk image used to load modules into memory needed for the Linux kernel at boot time is ______.
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initrd=
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You will initially be presented with a LILO boot prompt if you press the ctrl+x key combination or if the __________ keyword is not included in the /etc/lilo.conf file.
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message=
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You will initially be presented with a LILO boot prompt if you press the ctrl+x key combination or if the message= keyword is not included in the _______ file.
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/etc/lilo.conf
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At the lilo boot prompt, you can press the ______ key to see any operating system labels and type the name of the label for the operating system you want to load.
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tab
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While at the lilo boot prompt, pressing enter will cause the ______ ______ ______ to load.
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default operating system
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To be able to pass information to the Linux kernel manually at boot time, it is useful to have the ______ keyword in the /etc/lilo.conf file.
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append=
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At boot time, the system exports detected hardware information to the ______ directory.
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/proc
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If the Linux kernel does not recognize all the physical memory in the ______ file, add the line append="mem=<correct amount of memory in megabytes>M" to the /etc/lilo.conf file
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/proc/meminfo
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If the Linux kernel does not recognize all the physical memory in the /proc/meminfo file, add the line append="mem=<correct amount of memory in megabytes>M" to the ______ file
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/etc/lilo.conf
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If the Linux kernel does not recognize all the physical memory in the /proc/meminfo file, add the line ____________ to the /etc/lilo.conf file
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append="mem=<correct amount of memory in megabytes>M"
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True or false:
Almost any hardware information may be passed to the kernel via the append= keyword. |
true
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Almost any hardware information may be passed to the kernel via the ______ keyword.
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append=
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If you change the /etc/lilo.conf file, ______ must be reinstalled for those changes to take effect.
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LILO
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To uninstall LILO from an active partition or the MBR, use the ______ command.
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lilo -u
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Lilo error code _____ means the first part of the boot loader failed to load.
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L
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If the first part of the LILO boot loader failed to load it is usually as a result of incorrect ______ ______ parameters.
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hard disk
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LILO error code ______ means the second part of the LILO boot loader failed to load or that the /boot/boot.b file is missing. Adding the word linear to /etc/lilo.conf may fix this problem.
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LI
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LILO error code LI means the second part of the LILO boot loader failed to load or that the ______ file is missing. Adding the word linear to /etc/lilo.conf may fix this problem.
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/boot/boot.b
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LILO error code LI means the ______ part of the LILO boot loader failed to load or that the /boot/boot.b file is missing. Adding the word linear to /etc/lilo.conf may fix this problem.
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second
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LILO error code LI means the second part of the LILO boot loader failed to load or that the /boot/boot.b file is missing. Adding the word ______ to /etc/lilo.conf may fix this problem.
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linear
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LILO error code LI means the second part of the LILO boot loader failed to load or that the /boot/boot.b file is missing. Adding the word linear to ______ may fix this problem.
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/etc/lilo.conf
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LILO error code(s) ______ means that LILO has loaded properly but cannot find certain files required to operate such as the /boot/map and /boot/boot.b files. Adding the word linear to /etc/lilo.conf may fix this problem.
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LIL
LIL- LIL? |
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LILO error code(s) LIL LIL- LIL? means that LILO has loaded properly but cannot find certain files required to operate such as the /boot/map and ______ files. Adding the word linear to /etc/lilo.conf may fix this problem.
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/boot/boot.b
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GRUB stands for ______.
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grand unified bootloader
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Which is more recent, LILO or GRUB?
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GRUB
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The first major part of the GRUB boot loader is called ______.
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stage 1
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The first major part of the GRUB boot loader is called stage 1 and typically resides on the ______.
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MBR
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The second and third major parts of the GRUB boot loader are respectively called ______ and ______.
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stage 1.5
stage 2 |
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The second and third major parts of the GRUB boot loader are respectively called stage 1.5 and stage 2 and reside in the ______ directory.
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/boot/grub
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GRUB stage 1 points to ______.
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GRUB stage 1.5
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GRUB stage 1.5 ______ ______ ______ and then loads GRUB stage 2.
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loads filesystem support
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Which GRUB stage performs the actual boot loader functions?
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stage 2
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Which GRUB stage displays a graphical boot loader screen?
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stage 2
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True or false:
GRUB needs to be reinstalled after editing its configuration file. |
false
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The configuration of GRUB is accomplished by editing a ______ file.
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configuration
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GRUB's configuration file is ______.
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/boot/grub/grub.conf
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(name and location)
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GRUB's configuration file is
read directly by the ______ boot loader. |
stage 2
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The ______ file is a symbolic link to /boot/grub/grub.conf
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/etc/grub.conf
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The /etc/grub.conf file is a symbolic link to ______.
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/boot/grub/grub.conf
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A reference for GRUB to refer to the second partition of the first hard disk on the system would look like ______.
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hd0,1
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A GRUB reference to refer to the first partition of the second hard disk on the system would look like ______.
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hd1,0
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A GRUB reference to refer to the third partition of the first hard disk on the system would look like ______.
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hd0,2
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The partition that contains stage 2 of the GRUB boot loader is called the ______ ______ partition.
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GRUB root
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Normally, the GRUB root partition is the filesystem that contains the ______ directory.
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/boot
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Using GRUB, the kernel mounts the root filesystem on ______ initially as read only to avoid problems with the fsck command.
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/dev/hda2
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Using GRUB, the kernel mounts the root filesystem on /dev/hda2 initially as ______ to avoid problems with the fsck command.
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read only
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Using GRUB, the kernel mounts the root filesystem on /dev/hda2 initially as read only to avoid problems with the ______ command.
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fsck
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Using GRUB, the kernel mounts the ______ filesystem on /dev/hda2 initially as read only to avoid problems with the fsck command.
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root
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When there is a /boot partition this means that all kernel and initrd paths are relative to ______.
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/boot
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To create an encrypted password for use in /boot/grub/grub.conf, use the ______ command.
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grub-md5-crypt
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At the GRUB graphical boot screen, you may press ______ to boot the default Linux kernel.
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enter
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At the GRUB graphical boot screen, you may press ______ and enter the correct password (if there is a password) to go to the GRUB configuration boot loader screen.
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p
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At the GRUB configuration boot loader screen, you may press ______ to edit the configuration used in /boot/grub/grub.conf.
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e
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At the GRUB configuration boot loader screen, you may press ______ to obtain a grub> prompt.
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c
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The GRUB prompt looks like ______.
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grub>
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To view all available commands when at the grub> prompt, type ______.
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help
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To boot Linux from the grub> prompt type ______ /vmlinuz ro root=/dev/hda2 (or correct location) and press Enter, followed by the word "boot" and then press Enter again to continue the boot process.
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kernel
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To boot Linux from the grub> prompt type kernel /vmlinuz ro root=/dev/hda2 (or correct location) and press Enter, followed by the word "______" and then press Enter again to continue the boot process.
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boot
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To install the GRUB boot loader use the ______ command.
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grub-install
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True or False:
To install GRUB stage 1 on the MBR of the first IDE hard disk you could type: grub-install /dev/hda |
true
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To install GRUB stage 1 at the beginning of the first primary partition of the hard drive you could type:
______ /dev/hda1 |
grub-install
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For dual booting with another operating system it is easiest if Linux is installed first or last?
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last
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Can LILO boot a windows kernel directly?
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no
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For dual booting the keyword ______ in the /etc/lilo.conf file allows the other operating system to be ignored if it becomes unavailable.
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optional
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For dual booting the keyword ______ in the /etc/lilo.conf file allows the boot loader present on the other partition to be loaded.
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other=
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For dual booting the keyword ______ in the /boot/grub/grub.conf file identifies the other operating system.
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title
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In dual booting, the ______ line in the /boot/grub/grub.conf file indicates that the operating system lies on another partition and should not be automatically mounted by GRUB.
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rootnoverify
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In dual booting, the ______ line in the /boot/grub/grub.conf file allows GRUB to load another boot loader.
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chainloader
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A utility used to resize a windows partition while preserving the windows operating system on the windows partition and allows for free space for a Linux intallation is a utility called ______.
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FIPS
First non-destructive interactive partition splitter |
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True or False:
The NTFS file system is supported by FIPS. |
false
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True or False:
The FAT 32 file system is supported by FIPS. |
true
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True or False:
FIPS will resize primary and/or logical partitions of Windows. |
false
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True or False:
FIPS will only resize primary partitions of Windows. |
true
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True or False:
FIPS will only resize logical partitions of Windows. |
false
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FIPS splits the Windows partition into ______ partitions.
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two
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FIPS can be found in the ______ folder on the first Red Hat installation CD-ROM.
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dosutils
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True or False:
Before using FIPS it is best to defragment the Windows partition to be resized. |
true
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True or False:
Before using FIPS it is best to not defragment the Windows partition to be resized. |
false
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To use FIPS you need to copy ______ files to the boot disk from the dosutils/fips20 directory on the first Red Hat installation CD-ROM.
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three
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True or False:
FIPS will work while the Windows operating system is active. |
false
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To restore the back up copy of the MBR made by FIPS use ______.
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RESTORRB.exe
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The Windows boot loader available within Windows NT/2000/XP is the ______ boot loader.
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NTLOADER
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If you are using the NTLOADER boot loader and installing Linux, you must specify that LILO or GRUB is installed on the first sector of the ______ partition else LILO or GRUB will overwrite NTLOADER on the MBR of the hard drive.
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/boot
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If you are using the NTLOADER boot loader and installing Linux, you must specify that LILO or GRUB is installed on the first sector of the /boot partition else LILO or GRUB will overwrite ______ on the MBR of the hard drive.
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NTLOADER
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If you are using the NTLOADER boot loader and installing Linux, prior to configuring NTLOADER, you may boot into Linux with ______ ______ ______.
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a boot floppy
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If you are using the NTLOADER boot loader and installing Linux, prior to configuring NTLOADER, you may boot into Linux with a boot floppy. Once the system has loaded successfully, you may create a ______ ______ file of LILO or GRUB.
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bootable image
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To configure the NTLOADER to allow it to boot Linux you must copy the ______ file to C:\ and specify a path to it and a label to be displayed for it on the NTLOADER boot screen.
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linboot.bin
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The configuration file of the init daemon is ______.
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/etc/inittab
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"inittab" stands for ______.
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init table
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The init daemon uses ______ to load other daemons on the system.
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/etc/inittab
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A ______ defines the number and type of daemons that are loaded into memory and executed by the kernel on a particular system
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runlevel
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The runlevel that gives a system Halt is runlevel ______.
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0
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The runlevel that gives single user mode is runlevel ______.
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1 or S
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The runlevel that gives multi-user mode is runlevel ______.
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2
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The runlevel that gives extended multi-user mode is runlevel ______.
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3
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The runlevel that gives graphical mode is runlevel ______.
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5
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The runlevel that gives a system Reboot is runlevel ______.
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6
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The runlevel that is not used is runlevel ______.
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4
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The difference between runlevels 2 and 3 is that 3 has all extra ______ services started.
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networking
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The difference between multi-user mode and extended multi-user mode is that extended multi-user mode has all ______ networking services started.
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extra
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Single user mode can only be used by ______.
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root
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Graphical mode, (runlevel 5) has the same abilities as runlevel ______ but adds a graphical login program.
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3
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Runlevels can also be called ______.
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initstates
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To view the current and previous runlevels, use the ______ command.
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runlevel
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To change the runlevel on a running system, use the ______.
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init command
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The ______ command is a shortcut to the init command.
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telinit
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The telinit command is a shortcut to the ______ command.
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init
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When the init daemon needs to change the runlevel of the system it consults the ______ file which is also consulted when bringing the system to a certain runlevel at boot time.
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/etc/inittab
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The program ______ initializes the hardware components of the system, sets environment variables such as PATH and HOSTNAME, checks filesystems and performs system tasks required for daemon loading.
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/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
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The words on the terminal screen during startup come from the ______ program.
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/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
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Most daemons loaded at system startup are executed from entries in /etc/inittab that run the ______ command at system startup to load daemons that start with S in the appropriate /etc/rc.d/rc*.d directory.
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/etc/rc.d/rc
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Most daemons loaded at system startup are executed from entries in /etc/inittab that run the /etc/rc.d/rc command at system startup to load ______ that start with S in the appropriate /etc/rc.d/rc*.d directory.
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daemons
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Most daemons loaded at system startup are executed from entries in ______ that run the /etc/rc.d/rc command at system startup to load daemons that start with S in the appropriate /etc/rc.d/rc*.d directory.
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/etc/inittab
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Most daemons loaded at system startup are executed from entries in /etc/inittab that run the /etc/rc.d/rc command at system startup to load daemons that start with S in the appropriate ______ directory.
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/etc/rc.d/rc*.d
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Most daemons loaded at system startup are executed from entries in /etc/inittab that run the /etc/rc.d/rc command at system startup to load daemons that start with ______ in the appropriate /etc/rc.d/rc*.d directory.
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S
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Once the entries in /etc/inittab have been executed, the ______ file is executed to perform tasks that must occur after system startup.
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/etc/rc.d/rc.local
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For terminal logins, the ______ program is started on tty1 through tty6 and restarted continuously to allow for login after login.
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mingetty
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______ is the directory in which most daemons are located.
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/etc/rc.d/init.d
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______ is the script that executes files in the /etc/rc.d/rc*.d directories.
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/etc/rc.d/rc
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______ is the final script executed during system startup.
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/etc/rc.d/rc.local
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|
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______ is the first script executed during system startup.
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/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
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______ is the partition searched for an operating system after the MBR.
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active partition
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A program used to load an operating system is a ______ ______.
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boot loader
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The file used to configure NTLOADER is ______.
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boot.ini
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A Linux system process that provides a certain service is called a ______.
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daemon
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|
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This run level provides most daemons and a full set of networking daemons.
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runlevel 3
extended multi-user mode |
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|
FIPS stands for ______.
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First non-destructive interactive partition splitter.
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|
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gdm stands for ______.
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GNOME display manager
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The command used to change the operating system from one runlevel to another is ______.
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init command
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To reinstall the LILO boot loader based on the configuration information in /etc/lilo.conf use the ______ command.
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lilo
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The small program normally located on the first sector of the first hard disk drive used to define partitions and a boot loader is the ______.
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MBR
Master Boot Record |
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|
The common program used in Linux to display a login prompt on a character based terminal is ______.
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mingetty
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The run level which provides most daemons and a partial set of networking daemons is ______.
|
runlevel 2
multi-user mode |
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|
The boot loader used to boot Windows NT/2000/XP operating system kernels is ______.
|
NTLOADER
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Two interchangeable terms that define a certain type and number of daemons on a Linux system would be ______.
|
runlevel
initstate |
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The command used to display the current and most recent previous runlevel is ______.
|
runlevel command
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|
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This runlevel provides a single terminal and a limited set of services: ______.
|
runlevel 1
single user mode |
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|
An alias to the init command would be ______.
|
telinit command
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The Linux kernel file is called ______.
|
vmlinuz-<kernel version>
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|
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xdm stands for ______ ______ ______ which is a graphical login screen.
|
X display manager
|
|