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145 Cards in this Set
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term also known as cellular response |
localized allergic response |
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blood test most accurate at confirming the presence of HIV. |
western blot |
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term that refers to a self-care procedure for the early direction of breast cancer |
breast self-examination |
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a relatively rare malignant tumor that originates in a bone |
osteochondroma |
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a condition that is an inherited blood disorder that causes mild or severe anemia due to reduced hemoglobin and fewer red blood cells than normal. |
megaloblastic anemia |
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conditioned also known as clubfoot |
talipes |
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the only movable bone of the skull skull |
mandible |
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bone tissue also known as cancellous bone |
spongy bone |
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a sudden, involuntary contraction of one or more muscles |
spasm |
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the surgical repair of fascia |
fascioplasty |
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a portable electrocardiograph that is worn by an ambulatory patient to continuously monitor heart rate and rhythm over a 24 or 48 hour period |
Holter monitor |
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term that means to bend the foot downward at the ankle |
plantar flexion |
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formed in red bone marrow; the most common type of white blood cells |
neutrophils |
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masses of lymphoid tissue arealso known as nasopharyngeal tonsils |
adenoids |
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bone tissue that lines the medullary cavity |
endosteum |
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a type of bone marrow transplant using healthy bone marrow cells from a compatible donor |
allogenic bone marrow transplant |
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a medication used to treat viral infections |
antiviral drugs |
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the removal of a plug of tissue for examination |
muscle biopsy |
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a type of fracture that occurs when a person tries to stop a fall by landing on his or her hands |
Colles' fracture |
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medical term for tenderness or pain in the muscles |
myalgia |
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a class of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled division of cells |
cancer |
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the condition of having an abnormally slow resting heart rate |
bradycardia |
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a medical procedure that is the surgical repair of cartilage |
chondroplasty |
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the stimulation of a muscle by the impulse transmitted by a motor nerve |
muscle innervation |
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term which describes the act of raising the corners of the mouth into a smile |
elevation |
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smooth, rubbery connective tissue that makes up the tip of the nose |
cartilage |
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a technique in which an x-ray or MRI- guided needle is used to remove small samples of tissue from the breast |
needle guided biopsy |
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an opening in a bone through which the blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass |
foramen |
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a form of treatment that disrupts the blood supply to a tumor |
antiangiogenesis |
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a syndrome involving the compression of nerves and blood vessels due to swelling within an enclosed space created by the fascia that separates groups of muscles |
compartment syndrome |
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the state of balanced muscle tension that makes normal movement possible |
muscle tone |
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a surgical incision through the fascia to relieve tension or pain |
fasciotomy |
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a term that refers to an acquired unresponsiveness to a specific antigen |
tolerance |
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a rare but aggressive form of breast cancer |
inflammatory breast cancer |
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l lymphocytes that produce antibodies |
B cells |
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a highly contagious viral respiratory infection that is commonly known as the flu |
influenza |
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small infectious agents that live only by invading other cells |
viruses |
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a medical term that refers to the posterior space behind the knee |
popliteal |
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a term that is an example of a soft tissue sarcoma |
synovial sarcoma |
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a type of fracture known as a simple or complete fracture |
closed |
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the medical term for the lower part of the sternum |
xiphoid process |
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the surgical removal of a portion of the skull |
craniotomy |
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the medical term for the larger bone in the lower leg, also known as the shin bone. |
tibia |
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procedure that involves the surgical removal of an entire breast and many of the surrounding tissues |
radical mastectomy |
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a non-invasive method of diagnosing lymphoma; measures the resistance to an electrical current passes through the limb |
bioimpedance spectroscopy |
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a mass of lymphoid tissue located above the heart |
thymus |
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a muscle formed from three divisions |
triceps brachii |
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a painful localized muscle spasm named for its cause |
cramp |
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a condition that is commonly treated with fasciotomy to relieve pressure |
compartment syndrome |
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a medical term which means the surgical removal of a bone |
ostectomy |
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a diagnostic technique that is most commonly used to visualize a bone fracture |
radiographic (x-ray) |
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a specialist that treats diseases and disorders of the blood and blood-forming tissues |
hematologist |
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a medical term that is also known as passive immunity |
natural immunity |
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these carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs |
pulmonary arteries |
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a diagnostic procedure to evaluate joint mobility and muscle strength |
range-of-motion testing (ROM) |
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an injury to the body of the muscle or attachment of a tendon |
strain |
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this illness can be characterized as stiffness of the joints, especially in older adults |
arthritis |
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a narrow band of non-elastic, dense, fibrous connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone |
tendon |
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the over-extension of a limb or body part beyond its normal limit |
hyperextension |
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only one cell in thickness, these are the smallest blood vessels in the body |
capillaries |
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a small, bean-shaped structure containing specialized lymphocytes that are capable of destroying pathogens |
lymph nodes |
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a treatment that utilizes high frequency sound waves to treat muscle injuries |
therapeutic ultrasound |
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the bone also known as the kneecap |
patella |
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the type of surgery that is the replacement of a worn or failed implant |
revision surgery |
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the term that describes the surgical repair or replacement of a damaged joint |
arthroplasty |
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the inflammation of the tendons caused by excessive or unusual use of the joint |
tendinitis |
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a physician who specializes in treating the cause of paralysis and similar muscular disorders |
neurologist |
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wraps the body in a physical barrier to protect from invading organisms |
intact skin |
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the use of radioactive materials in contact with or implanted into the tissue to be treated |
brachytherapy |
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a form of arthritis that is characterized by deposits of uric acid within the joints |
gout |
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the inflammation of the synovial membrane |
synovitis |
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leukocytes that provide immunological defense against many infectious organisms |
cytokines |
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a physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant disorders such as tumors and cancers |
oncologist |
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a term which describes a fatty deposit on the artery wall |
plaque |
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the term in a muscle name that means toward the side |
lateralis |
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the attempted realignment of a bone involved in a fracture or joint dislocation |
closed reduction |
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lymph nodes that are located along the side of the neck |
cervical lymph nodes |
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medical term for inflexible joints, also known as sutures |
fibrous joints |
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the term that means to bend a limb at the joint |
flexion |
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an infection that is spread by the bite of an infected mosquito |
West Nile virus |
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a strain or tear on any of the muscles that straighten the hip and bend the knee |
hamstring injury |
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slight paralysis of one side of the body |
hemiparesis |
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total paralysis of one side of the body |
hemiplegia |
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slight paralysis of a muscle |
myoparesis |
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paralysis of both legs and the lower body |
paraplegia |
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paralysis of all four extremities |
quadriplegia |
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mature red blood cells |
erythrocytes |
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pigment that transports oxygen |
hemoglobin |
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cancer characterized by abnormal leukocytes |
leukemia |
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white blood cells |
leukocytes |
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abnormally low number of white blood cells |
leukopenia |
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abnormal outward curve of the thoracic spine |
kyphosis |
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abnormal forward curvature of the lumbar spine |
lordosis |
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pain in the lumbar region |
lumbago |
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abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
scoliosis |
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partial displacement of a bone from its joint |
subluxation |
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limb movement away from the midline |
abduction |
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limb movement toward the midline |
adduction |
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circular movement at the far end of a limb |
circumduction |
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Bending the foot upward toward the ankle |
Dorsiflexion |
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Rotating the palm of the hand downward |
Pronation |
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Broken bone that is splintered or crushed |
comminuted fracture |
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broken bone that is pressed together on itself |
Compression fracture |
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broken bone through an open wound |
Surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity |
Osteoclasis |
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bones broken due to weakness caused by a disease process |
Pathologic fracture |
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bind with specific antigens in the antigen-antibody response |
immunoglobulin |
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produced in response to the presence of antigens |
interferons |
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white blood cells formed in the bone marrow as stem cells |
lymphocytes |
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proteins that act as intercellular signals to begin the immune response |
cytokines |
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a white blood cell that surrounds and kills invading cells |
macrophage |
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the process by which cancer is spread to a new site; the tumor at a new site |
metastasis |
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to spread from one place to another |
metastasize |
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malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue |
myosarcoma |
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malignant tumor in the upper shaft of long bones, pelvis, or knee |
osteosarcoma |
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malignant tumor derived from connective tissue |
sarcoma |
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Also known as lymphoid cells |
lymphocytes |
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any disease affecting the lymph node |
lymphadenopathy |
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a benign tumor formed by abnormal lymphatic vessels |
lymphangioma |
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swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph in a tissue |
lymphedema |
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malignancies that develop in the lymphatic system |
lymphoma |
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an abnormal band of fibrous tissue |
adhesion |
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lacking normal muscle tone |
atonic |
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muscle weakness from a lack of use |
atrophy |
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inflammation of the fascia |
fasciitis |
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degeneration of muscle |
myolysis |
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rod-shaped spore-forming bacteria |
bacilli |
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organism living on or within another living organism |
parasite |
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an acute viral infection transmitted to humans by an infected animal |
rabies |
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small bacterium transmitted by the bite of an infected tick |
rickettsia |
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spiral-shaped bacteria with flexible walls |
spirochetes |
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surgical fusion to stiffen a joint |
arthrodesis |
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surgical loosening of a stiff joint |
arthrolysis |
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inflammation of the bone |
osteitis |
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abnormal softening of the bones |
osteomalacia |
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marked loss of bone density |
osteoporosis |
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hip socket |
acetabulum |
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Rounded, bony patuberance of the ankle |
malleolus |
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bone that forms the upper portion of the sternum |
manubrium |
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bones that form the palms of the hands |
metacarpals |
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bones that form part of the foot |
metatarsals |
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extreme slowness in movement |
bradykinesia |
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distortion of voluntary movement |
dyskinesia |
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condition of abnormal muscle tone |
dystonia |
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abnormally increased motor function or activity |
hyperkinesia |
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crosswise direction |
transverse |
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