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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Microorganisms
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organisms that are too small to be seen with the unaided eye
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Pathogenic Microbes and their benefits
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disease causing microbes, most are benefitial. They decompose waste, produce industrial chemicals, produce fermented foods (vinegar, cheese, bread)
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Microbes in Our Lives. Microbes allow us to..
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1. Prevent food spoilage
2. Prevent disease occurence |
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Each organism has two names. What are they?
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1. Genus- the first name. it is capitalized
2. specific epithet- the last name. it is lowercase Both the genus and specific epithet are either underlined or italicized |
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Types of Microorganisms (7)
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bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, viruses, multicellular animal parasites
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Bacteria traits
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Prokaryotes, peptidoglycan in cell walls, use binary fission, can use photosynthesis
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Archaea traits and their main difference between bacteria
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Prokaryotic, LACK PEPTIGOGLYCAN, genes and enzymes like prokaryotes, live in extreme environments. They are the EARLIEST lifeform of the planet. They have characteristics of both eukaryotes and prokaryotes
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The 3 domains of all organisms
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1) Bacteria
2) Archaea 3) Eukarya, which include.. -Protists -Plantae -Animala -Fungi |
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Characteristics of Fungi
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Eukaryotes, chitin cell walls, use organic chemicals for energy, can we unicellular or multicellular
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Characteristics of Protozoa
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Unicellular eukaryotes, absorb or ingest organic chemicals, can be motile via cilia or flagella
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Characteristics of Algae
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Eukaryotes, Cellulose cell walls, use photosynthesis for energy, produce molecular oxygen and organic compounds
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Characteristics of Viruses
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Acellular, consist of DNA OR RNA core, are replicated only when they are in a living host cell
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What is the cell theory?
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All living things are compose of cells and come from preexisting cells
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Spontaneous Generation
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The hypothesis that living organisms arise from nonliving matter; a "vital force" forms life
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Biogenesis
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The hypothesis that the living organims arise from preexisting life
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The general tactic used for the Theory of Biogenesis
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Pasteur's S-shaped flask kept microbes out but let air in
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The general idea of the Golden Age of Microbiology
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1857-1914. Relationships included discoveries between microbes and disease, immunity, and animicrobial drugs
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Fermentation
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Proven by Pateur, fermentation is the conversion of sugar to alcohol to make beer and wine
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Pasteurization
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Proven by Pateur, pasteurization is the application of a high heat for a short time
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Koch's Prostulate
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experimental steps that prove that a specific microbe causes a specific disease.
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Vaccination
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derived from vacca, for cow. aka immunity
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Chemotherapy
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treatment with chemicals
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antibiotics
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chemicals produced by bacteria and fungi that inhibit or kill other microbes
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