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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Firmicutes |
- Phylum of Gram Positive Bacteria - Low G+C base pairings - Typically in common soil, lactic acid producing, include pathogens - Rods and Cocci |
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Actinobacteria |
- Phylum of Gram Positive Bacteria - High G+C base pairings |
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Proteobacteria |
- Phylum of Gram Negative, usually Chemoheterotrophic bacteria - Largest taxonomic group of bacteria with five classes |
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Alphaproteobacteria |
Class of Proteobacteria are nitrogen-fixing, chemoauto/heterotrophic bacteria that is capable of growing with very low levels of nutrients |
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Betaproteobacteria |
- Class of Proteobacteria that are chemoaut/heterotrophic bacteria that often use nutrient substances that diffuse away from area of anaerobic decomposition of organic matter, such as hydrogen gas, ammonia, and methane - Include many pathogens |
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Deltaproteobacteria |
- Class of Proteobacteria that are chemoheterotrophic bacteria distinctive in that they are predators on other bacteria - Important contributors to the sulfur cycle |
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Epsilonbacteria |
- Class of Proteobacteria that are chemoheterotrophic bacteria that look like slender rods that are helical or curved - Motile by flagella, microaerophilic |
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Gammaproteobacteria |
- Class of Gram Negative bacteria typically rod-shaped that are very important medically and ecologically |
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Pseudomonadales - Aerobic Legionellales - Aerobic Enterobacteriales - Facultative |
Name 3 Orders of Gammaproteobacteria and their Aerotolerance |
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Pseudomonas |
- Genus within Gammaproteobacteria
that are aerobic rods with polar flagella - Common in soil, excrete pigments, can grow on unusual carbon sources such as soap residue - Cold-tolerant |
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Legionellales |
- Order within Gammaproteobacteria that is known to be pathogenic, usually aerobic rods |
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Enterobacteriales |
- Order within Class Gammaproteobacteria that is generally facultative anaerobic and are peritrichous rods with fimbriae - Inhabits intestinal tract, ferments carbohydrates - Sex pili aids in antibiotic resistance, produces bacteriocins |
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Escherichia
Salmonella Shigella Klebsiella Serratia |
- Name 5 Genuses of Enterobacteriales |
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- Proteo - Gamma - Pseudomonas - Aerobic
- Green tinge |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Name Phylum, Class, Order, Aerotolerance - Pigment? |
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- Proteo - Gamma - Legionellales - Aerobic - Legionellosis - Water systems - Difficult to eradicate |
Legionella - Name Phylum, Class, Order, Aerotolerance - What does it cause? - Where is it found? - Unique? |
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- Proteo - Gamma - Legionellales - Aerobic - Q Fever - Aerosols, milk |
Coxiella burnetti - Name Phylum, Class, Order, Aerotolerance - What does it cause? - Where is it found?(2) |
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- Proteo - Gamma - Enterobacteriale - Facultative
- Indicator of Fecal Contamination |
Escherichia coli - Name Phylum, Class, Order, Aerotolerance - Characteristic? |
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- Proteo - Gamma - Enterobacteriale - Facultative - Salmonellosis - Serological variety so almost all pathogenic |
Salmonella - Name Phylum, Class, Order, Aerotolerance - What does it cause? - Characteristic? |
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- Proteo - Gamma - Enterobacteriale - Facultative
- Bacillary dysentery, bloody diarrhea - Humans |
Shigella - Name Phylum, Class, Order, Aerotolerance - What does it cause? - Found only in which organisms? |
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- Proteo - Gamma - Enterobacteriale - Facultative - Pneumonia - Soil, water |
Klebsiella pneumoniae - Name Phylum, Class, Order, Aerotolerance - What does it cause? - Where is it found? (2) |
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- Proteo - Gamma - Enterobacteriale - Facultative - Catheters, saline solutions - Produces red pigment at 25C
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Serratia marcescens - Name Phylum, Class, Order, Aerotolerance - Where is it found? (2) - Pigment? |
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Spirochaetes
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- Phylum of Gram Negative, Anaerobic bacteria that are known for living in their hosts - Axial Filaments |
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- Spirochaetes - Anaerobic - Syphilis - Mammalian Host |
Treponema pallidum - Name Phylum, Aerotolerance - What does it cause? - Where is it found? |
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- Spirochaetes - Anaerobic - Lyme disease, relapsing fever - Ticks and lice |
Borrelia - Name Phylum, Aerotolerance - What does it cause? (2) - Transmitted by? (2) |
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Clostridiales |
- Order within Phyla Firmicutes that are anaerobic, endospore-forming rods found in soil |
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Bacillales |
- Order of with Phyla Firmicutes that are facultative endospore-forming rods |
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- Firmicute, Bacilli, endospore, facultative
- Anthrax - Livestock |
Bacillus anthracis - Name phylum, class, structure, aerotolerance - What does it cause - Found where? |
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- Firmicute, Bacilli, endospore, facultative
- Insect pathogen |
Bacillus thuringiensis - Name phylum, class, structure, aerotolerance - What does it known for? |
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- Firmicute, Bacilli, endospore, facultative
- Foodborne illnesses from starchy food contamination |
Bacillus cereus - Name phylum, class, structure, aerotolerance - What does it cause? |
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- Firmicute, Bacilli, facultative
- Grows well under high osmotic pressure/low moisture, antibiotic resistant, produces enterotoxins |
Staphyloccocus aureus - Name phylum, class, aerotolerance - 4 characteristics that contribute to is pathogenicity and ability to invade tissue |
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Lactobacillales |
- Order within Phyla Firmicute that is facultative, mostly non-sporulating, acid-producing |
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Streptococcus |
- Facultative Firmicute that does not form endospores, regularly found in human normal flora, unique for producing tissue destroying enzymes and hemolysis, toxic shock syndrome |
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- Firmicute - Lactobacillales - Facultative - Rod - Foodborne illness, fetal death, meningitis, sepsis - Psychro-Mesophilic - Wide - Beta - Intracellular phagocyte reproduction - End over end tumbling |
Listeria monocytogenes - Name Phyla, Order, Aerotolerance, Shape - 4 things it is known to cause - Temperature and pH tolerance? - Hemolysis? - Unique for? - How does it move? |
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- Firmicute - Lactobacillales - Facultative
- Scarlet Fever - Beta Hemolysis |
Streptococcus pyogenes - Name Phyla - Order - Aerotolerance - Can cause? - Hemolysis? |
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- Firmicute - Lactobacillales - Facultative - Pneumonia - Alpha Hemolysis |
Streptococcus pneumoniae - Name Phyla, Order, Aerotolerance - Can cause? - Hemolysis? |
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- Firmicute - Lactobacillales - Facultative - Dental caries - Alpha Hemolysis |
Streptococcus mutans - Name Phyla, Order, Aerotolerance - Can cause? - Hemolysis? |
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Enterococcus faecalis Enterococcus faecium |
- Facultative Firmicute that does not form endospores, known for high antibiotic resistance, intestinal, urinary tract infection and nosocomial infections, lactic acid producing - Name 2 Species |
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1. Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus pyogenes 2. Streptococcus pneumonia, Streptococcus mutans |
2 Types of bacteria that is known for beta-hemolysis? Alpha hemolysis? |
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Listeria monocytogenes |
Deli meats can be treated with bacteriophage spray to prevent this bacteria.
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Penicillin G |
Antibiotic used to treat listeriosis |
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Coxiella burnetii |
- Bacteria with sporelike body that helps it be resistance to heat and airborne transmission - Requires mammalian host to reproduce - Commonly found in aerosols or milk - Causes Q fever |
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- Cerebral Spinal Fluid (Spinal Tap/Lumbar Puncture) - Latex agglutination tests - Chemotherapy before diagnosis |
3 Ways to Diagnose Bacterial meningitis |
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- Pathogens do not survive storage or changes in temperature |
Problem with diagnosing meningitis with sample cerebrospinal fluid |
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Facultative Intracellular Pathogen |
- Describes being able to reproduce and spread among phagocytes |
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Salmonella typhi |
- Species within Order Enterobacteriales that causes typhoid fever |
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
- Aerobic bacteria that causes nosocomial infections, wound infections, urinary tract infections
- Found in soil - Phyla: Gammaproteobacteria |
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Serratia marcescens
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- Facultative bacteria that causes nosocomial infections, urinary tract infections and found under water |
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Enterococcus faecalis
Enterococcus faecium |
- Facultative bacteria that causes nosocomial, wound, urinary tract, intestinal tract infections and is known to be antibiotic resistant (2) |
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Staphylococcus aureus
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- Facultative bacteria from phyla Firmicute Order Bacillales that causes wound infections, foodborne diseases and is known to be antibiotic resistant
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Escherichia coli |
- Facultative bacteria of phyla Gammaproteobacteria that causes urinary tract infections, foodborne diseases - Typically harmless |
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Clostridium difficile Clostridium perfringens |
- Anaerobic bacteria of phyla Firmicute that causes 1. Intestinal tract infections and diarrhea 2. Foodborne diseases (Food service germ), gangrene and diarrhea |
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Listeria monocytogenes |
- Facultative bacteria from Phyla Firmicute thatdoesn't produce spores, causes foodborne disease and can be found in food, soil and water - Preference to dairy and meat > vegetables |
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Bacillus |
- Facultative endospore producing rod-shaped genus of bacteria that is commonly found in soil |
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Klebsiella pneumoniae |
- Enterobacteriale commonly found in soil and water |