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193 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Muscle - Scapula protraction (abduction)
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Serratus Anterior
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Muscle - Scapular retraction (adduction)
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Middle Trapezius
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Muscle Scapula Elevation
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Upper Trapezius
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Muscle Scapula Depression
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Lower Trapezius
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Muscle - Shoulder flexion
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Anterior Deltoid
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ROM - Shoulder flexion
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0-170
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Muscle - Shoulder extension
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Latissimus Dorsi
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ROM - Shoulder extension
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0-60
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Muscle - Shoulder abduction
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Middle Deltoid
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ROM - Shoulder abduction
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0-170
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Muscle - Shoulder adduction
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Latissimus Dorsi
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Muscle - Horizontal abduction
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Posterior Deltoid
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ROM - Horizontal abduction
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0-40
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Muscle - Horizontal adduction
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Pectoralis Major
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ROM - Horizontal adduction
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0-130
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Muscle - Shoulder external rotation
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Infraspinatus
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ROM - Shoulder external rotation
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0-90
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Muscle - Shoulder internal rotation
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Subscapularis
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ROM - Shoulder internal rotation
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0-70
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Muscle - elbow flexion
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Biceps
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ROM - elbow flexion
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0-135/150
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Muscle - elbow extension
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Triceps
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Muscle - forearm supination
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Biceps and Supinator
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ROM - forearm supination
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0-80/90
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Muscle - forearm pronation
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Pronator
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ROM - Forearm pronation
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0-80/90
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Muscle - Wrist flexion
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Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris |
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ROM - Wrist flexion
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0-80
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Muscle - wrist extension
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Extensor carpi radialis
Extensor carpi ulnaris |
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ROM - wrist extension
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0-70
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Muscle - ulnar deviation (abduction)
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flexor carpi ulnaris
extensor carpi ulnaris |
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ROM - ulnar deviation
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0-30
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Muscle - radial deviation (adduction)
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flexor carpi radialis
extensor carpi radialis |
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ROM - radial deviation
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0-20
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Muscle - MCP flexion
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Lumbricals
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ROM - MCP flexion
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0-90
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Muscle - MCP extension
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Extensor digitorum
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ROM - MCP extension
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15-45
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Muscle - MCP abduction
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Interossei Dorsales
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ROM - MCP abduction
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0-25
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Muscle - MCP adduction
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Interossei Palmares
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Muscle - PIP and DIP flexion
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flexor digitorum
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Muscle - PIP ad DIP extension
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extensor digitorum
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ROM - PIP flexion
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0-110
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ROM - DIP flexion
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0-80
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Muscle - CMC flexion
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Flexor pollicis longus
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Muscle CMC extension
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Abductor pollicis longus
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Muscle CMC abduction
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Abductor pollicis brevis
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Muscle - CMC adduction
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Adductor pollicis
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Muscle - CMC opposition
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Opponens pollicis
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ROM - CMC abduction
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0-50
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Muscle - Thumb MP flexion
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Flexor pollicis brevis
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Muscle - Thumb MP extension
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Extensor pollicis brevis
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ROM - Thumb MP flexion
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0-50
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Muscle - Thumb IP flexion
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Flexor pollicis longus
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Muscle - Thumb IP extension
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Extensor pollicis longus
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ROM - IP Flexion
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0-80/90
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Muscle - Hip flexion
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Rectus Femoris (Quadriceps )groups
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Muscle - Hip extension
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Bicep Femoris (Hamstring group)
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Muscle - Hip Abduction
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Gluteus Medius
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Muscle - Hip Adduction
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Adductor Longus (Adductor group)
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Muscle - Hip External Rotation (lateral)
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Piriformis (Deep rotators)
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Muscle - Hip Internal Rotation (medial)
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Gluteus Minimus
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Muscle - Knee Flexion
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Hamstring gorup
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Muscle - Knee extension
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Quadricep group
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Muscle - Ankle Inversion (supination)
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Tibialis Posterior
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Muscle - Ankle Eversion
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Peroneus Longus and Brevis
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Muscle - Ankle plantarflexion
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Gastrocnemius
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Muscle - Ankle dorsiflexion
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Tibialis Anterior
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serratus anterior
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middle trapezius
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lower trapezius
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Upper trapezius
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anterior deltoid
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Latissimus Dorsi
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Middle deltoid
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Posterior Deltoid
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Pectoralis Major
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infraspinatus
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Subscapularis
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Biceps
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Triceps
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Supinator
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Pronator teres
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flexor carpi radialis
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flexor carpi ulnaris
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extensor carpi radialis
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extensor muscles of wrist
extensor carpi ulnaris |
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lumbricales
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extensor digitorum
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Interossei dorsales
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flexor digitorum
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flexor pollicis longus
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abductor pollicis brevis
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Opponens pollicis
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Flexor pollicis brevis
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extensor pollicis brevis
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extensor pollicis longus
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rectus femoris (quadriceps group)
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gluteus medius
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biceps femoris
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piriformis
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gluteus minimus
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Hamstring muscles
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quadriceps muscles
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Tibialis posterior
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Peroneus longus and brevis
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Tibialis anterior
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Musculoskeletal system made up of 3 parts:
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1. Striated muscle
2. Connective Tissue 3. Skeleton |
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Ligament
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Joins bones
Contains nerve endings that are important for reflexes and perception of movement and position |
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Joint
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Skeletal, bone to bone connection help together by fibrous, cartilaginous or synovial tissue.
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Type I muscle
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Slow twitch
postural/core |
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Type II muscle
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Fast twitch
powerful, rapid force |
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Scapula is what type of joint
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False joint.
Glides across posterior of thorax |
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Glenohumeral joint is what type of joint
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Ball/socket
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Elbow is what type of joint
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Hinge
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Radiocarpal joint is what type of joint
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Ellipsoid/Condyloid
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Carpometacarpal joint is what type of joint
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Saddle
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Metacarpophalangeal joint is what type of joint
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Ellipsoid/Condyloid
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Interphalangeal joint is what type of joint
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Hinge
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Acetabulofemoral joint is what type of joint
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Ball and socket
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Knee joint is what type of joint
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Hinge (modified-can medially/laterally rotate when knee flexed)
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Talocrural joint is what type of joint
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Hinge
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Metatarsal joint is what type of joint
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Hinge
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Anterior wrist muscles (3 major)
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1. Flexor Carpi radialis
2. Flexor Carpi ulnaris 3. Palmaris Longus |
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Anterior wrist muscles - origin
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Medial epicondyle
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Flexor Carpi radialis - nerve
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median
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Flexor carpi ulnaris - nerve
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ulnar
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Palmaris Longus - nerve
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median
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Posterior wrist muscles - major 3
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1. Extensor carpi radialis longus
2. Extensor carpi radialis Brevis 3. Extensor carpi ulnaris |
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Posterior Wrist muscles - origin
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lateral epicondyle and supracondylar ridge
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Posterior wrist muscles - nerve
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Radial
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus, Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis, and Extensor Carpi Ulnaris - nerve
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radial
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Intrinsic Hand Muscles - 3 groups
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1. Thenar
2. Hypothenar 3. Deep Palm |
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Thenar muscle group - 3 major muscles
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1. Flexor Pollicis Brevis
2 Abductor Pollicis Brevis 3. Opponens Pollicis |
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Hypothenar muscle group - 3 major muscles
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1. Flexor Digiti Minimi
2. Abductor Digiti Minimi 3. Opponens Digiti Minimi |
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Deep Palm muscle group - 3 major muscles
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1. Adductor pollicis
2. Interossei 3. Lumbricals |
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Intrinsic Hand muscles - origin
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Distal to wrist
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Extrinsic Hand Muscles - 2 Major Groups
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1. Anterior
2. Posterior |
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Extrinsic Hand Muscles - Anterior group: 3 major muscles
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1. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
2. Flexor Digitorum Profundus 3. Flexor Pollicis Longus |
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Extrinsic Anterior Hand muscles - finger flexors - nerve
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Median
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Extrinsic Hand Muscles - Posterior Group: 6 major muscles
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1. Extensor Digitorum
2. Extensor Digiti Minimi 3. Extensor Indicis 4. Extensor Pollicis Longus 5. Extensor Pollicis Brevis 6. Abductor Pollicis Longus |
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Extrinsic Posterior Hand Muscles - extensors: nerve
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Radial
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Extrinisic Hand mUscles origin
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proximal to wrist
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Rotator Cuff muscles - 4
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1. Supraspinatus
2. Infraspinatus 3. Teres Minor 4. Subscapularis |
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How do the extrinsic hand muscles exert force?
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Through long tendons
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5 purposes of bones
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1. Anatomical Landmarks
2. Hematopoesis (blood cell formation) 3. vitamin and minieral storage 4. Protection 5. Support |
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4 types of bones
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1. Long
2. Short 3. Irregular 4. Flat |
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Bones made up of: (2)
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1. thin layer of compact bone that surrounds
2. Thick layer of trabecular bone |
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2 parts of skeleton
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1. Axial
2. Appendicular |
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Wolff's Law
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1. Bones thickest where muscles attach
2. Long bones are thick in the middle of the shaft 3. Curved bones are thickest in areas most likely to break 4. Increased mechanical forces = increased trabecular bone |
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Muscle named according to: 7
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1. Location
2. Shape 3. Action 4. Size 5. Number of attachment sites 6. Number of heads 7. Direction of fibers |
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Vertebrae attached to brachial plexus
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C5-T1
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Brachial plexus - 2 major groups
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1. Shoulder
2. Arm |
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Shoulder nerves in brachial plexus (7)
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1. Lateral pectoral
2. Thoracodorsal 3. Axillary 4.Musculocutaneous 5. Suprascapular 6. Upper subscapular 7. Lower subscapular |
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Arm nerves in brachial plexus (4)
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1. Musculocutaneous
2. Radial 3. Median 4. Ulnar |
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Arm nerves branch from Brachial where?
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Armpit, 2nd rib
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Musculocutaneous innervates which arm movement?
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Elbow flexion
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Radial nerve innervates which arm movements? (5)
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1. Elbow flexion
2. Supination 3. Elbow extension 4. Wrist extension 5. Finger extension 5. |
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Median nerve innervates which which arm movements? (3)
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1. Pronation
2. Wrist flexion 3. Finger flexion |
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Ulnar nerve innervates which arm movement?
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Fine motor muscles of the hand
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Three types of muscles
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1. Smooth
2. Cardiac 3. Skeletal |
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Definition of muscle fiber
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cell that covers entire length of muscle
muscle fiber->myofibril->sarcomere->actin and myosin filament |
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3 distinct features of muscle
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1. has two tendons that attach to bones
2. The stable part of the mucle is the origin and the movable distal part of the muscle is the insertion. 3. During contraction, the two tendons pull, moving the insertion always moves closer to origin 3. |
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5 Characteristics of muscle
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1. Contractility - ability to shorten and move an object when resistance is applied
2. Extensibility - antagonist muscle lengthens 3. Elasticity - muscle returns to original shape after stretch 4. Excitability/Irritability - has ability to respond to increased and multiple stimuli 5. Normal resting length |
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Spinal Levels C1, C2 and C3 supply what area of the body
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Head and neck
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Spinal level C4 supplies what major area of the body
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Diaphragm
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Spinal level C5 supplies what major area of the body
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Deltoids, Biceps
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Spinal level C6 supplies what major area of the body
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wrist extensors
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Spinal level C7 supplies what major area of the body
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triceps and wrist flexors
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Spinal level C8 and T1 supply what major area of the body
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Fingers
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Cervical nerves innervate:
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head and neck
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Brachial plexus nerves innervate:
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Scapular and shoulder
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Axillary nerves innervate:
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Shoulder movements
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Musculocutaneous nerves innervate:
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shoulder movements and elbow flexion
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Radial nerves innervate:
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Shoulder movements
Elbow extension wrist, fingers and thumb |
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Median nerves innervate
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wrist, fingers and thumb
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Ulnar nerves innervate:
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wrist, fingers and thumb
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3 basic types of muscle contraction
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1. Isometric
2. Isotonic (Concentric and Eccentric) 3. Isokinetic |
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Isometric contraction
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muscle contracts but does not change in length (no movement)
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Isotonic contraction
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Muscle contracts, length changes and joint angle changes. A concentric contraction is associated with lifting and shortening, and eccentric contraction is associated with lowering and lengthening
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Isokinetic contraction
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Contraction exerts constant force against entire length of movement. the resistance varies as velocity varies. Can only be done with special equipment
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Concentric contraction
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As isotonic contraction where muscle attachments move closer. Usually occur against gravity and acceleration. Associated with lifting
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Eccentric contraction
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An isotonic contraction where the muscle attachments move father apart. usually occur with gravity and deacceleration.
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Muscle tension
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force buildup with a muscle
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Muscle tone
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the slight tension present in a muscle at all times
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Muscle excursion
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distance from max elongation to max shortening
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muscle agonist
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muscle or muscle group that causes the motion
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muscle antagonist
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muscle that performs the opposite motion of the agonist. usually relaxed when agonist is moving
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Muscle cocontraction
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when agonist and antagonist act at the same time, usually when there is a need for accuracy or when learning a new task
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Muscle Active Insufficiency
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the muscle has reached a point where it cannot shorten anymore (example hamstrings when flex knee)
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Muscle Passive Insufficiency
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the muscle cannot be further elongated without damage to fibers
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A muscle contracts most efficiently at what range?
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Midrange
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