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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
During the Classical period, although Italy continued to dominate the world of opera, the main centers of musical activity moved north to the following cities except
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-Berlin.
-Vienna. -Mannheim. X Paris. |
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(T/F) Instrumental music finally surpassed vocal music in both quantity and quality during the Classical period.
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TRUE
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The overall design of a work is called its
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form.
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The three outstanding composers of the Classical period were
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Mozart, Haydn, and Beethoven.
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(T/F) The concept of form in music was of serious concern to all of the composers of the Classical period.
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TRUE
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Among instrumental forms, the __________ experienced the greatest development and offered composers the widest field for creativity during the mid-1700s.
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symphony
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Classical composers changed the orchestra in all of the following ways except
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X narrowing the Baroque conception of the orchestra.
-standardizing the number of instruments used. -determining certain proportions of wind instruments to strings. -eventually dropping the harpsichord from the ensemble. |
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In the middle of the eighteenth century, the German city of __________ developed an outstanding orchestra which attracted attention throughout western Europe
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Mannheim
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The Mannheim orchestra achieved all of the following except
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-soft pianissimos.
-loud fortissimos. x terraced dynamics. -gradual dynamics. |
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__________, an early master of the symphonic form, was employed as a court composer by the same noble family for nearly thirty years.
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Franz Joseph Haydn
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(T/F) Haydn was a vain man who called himself the "master of all" composers.
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FALSE
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The Classical composers expanded the Baroque concept of multimovement compositions by
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standardizing the number of movements for certain types of works.
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A __________ is a multimovement work played by an orchestra and originally based on the Italian overture consisting of three movements (fast-slow-fast).
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symphony
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(T/F) Classical composers expanded the sections and added a fourth movement to the symphony, organizing each "movement" according to the principles of a chosen instrumental form.
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TRUE
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(T/F) After the Baroque period, the concerto grosso declined in importance and was replaced by the Classical concerto for orchestra and one soloist.
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TRUE
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A Classical concerto usually has __________ movements.
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three
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A Classical concerto usually had at least one passage, called a __________, which was improvised by the soloist alone.
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cadenza
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Where does the cadenza usually occur in a concerto?
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toward the end of a movement
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(T/F) The orchestra prepares for a cadenza by playing a long decrescendo that ends quietly on the tonic chord.
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FALSE
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The end of the improvised solo passage in a concerto is often indicated by a __________, which summons the orchestra to join in bringing the movement to a close
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trill
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(T/F) Since the nineteenth century, composers have written cadenzas for their concertos and have even published cadenzas for earlier concertos, including those written by Haydn, Mozart, and their contemporaries.
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TRUE
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Music performed by a relatively small number of people in a small room is called _________ music.
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chamber
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(T/F)In a chamber music performance, each player must be an accomplished performer since each is responsible for one line of music.
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TRUE
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(T/F) The Classical period's appreciation for clarity of thought, purity of sound, and emotional restraint made chamber music one of the favorite means of expression.
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TRUE
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Most Classical chamber ensembles consisted of several instruments belonging to
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the same family.
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The most popular Classical small ensemble was the
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string quartet.
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The Classical string quartet consisted of
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two violins, viola, and cello
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In a Classical string quartet, the person playing __________ serves as the leader of the group.
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first violin
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A Classical string quartet usually consists of __________ movements.
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four
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Another Classical multimovement composition to be "sounded" by one or two instruments is called a
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sonata.
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(T/F) In a sonata for two instruments, such as a violin and a piano, each of the instruments is of equal importance.
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TRUE
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All of the following were common forms in the Classical period except
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- sonata-allegro form.
-rondo form. -minuet and trio. X toccata-allegro form. |
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(T/F) The Classical sonata-allegro form was generally conceived as a three-part structure.
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TRUE
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The three main sections of the Classical sonata-allegro form are the
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exposition, development, and recapitulation.
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The most significant difference between the exposition and the recapitulation in sonata-allegro form is that
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the exposition changes key but the recapitulation does not.
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An extended closing section in the Classical sonata-allegro form is called the
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CODA
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(T/F) Unlike Baroque composers, who typically confined one section of a work to one mood or "affection," Classical composers often considered the two tonal areas of the sonata-allegro exposition an opportunity to present two melodies of a contrasting nature.
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TRUE
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(T/F) Classical sonata-allegro form has been nicknamed the "fourth movement form" because it has been used as the fourth movement for so many symphonies, concertos, sonatas, and string quartets.
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FALSE
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The third movement of many Classical symphonies, sonatas, and string quartets is a
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minuet and trio.
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(T/F) The minuet was a stately dance introduced at the seventeenth-century court of Louis XIV.
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TRUE
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(T/F) The Classical rondo form was used for any multimovement work, but often seemed particularly appropriate for the last movement.
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TRUE
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One form of a Classical rondo is
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A B A C A
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Organization and design of a composition, or of one movement within a composition
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form
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Multimovement orchestral form
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symphony
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-Also called sonata form or first-movement form
-the 3 sections: exposition, development, and recapitulation form a ternary design |
sonata-allegro
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literally, "tail"...a closing section
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coda
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extended virtuosic passage for solo instrument
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cadenza
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ABACA.
-from in which any number of episodes alternate with the opening material -the tempo is usally fast, and the mood merry |
rondo
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chamber ensemble consisting of two violins, a viola, and a cello
-also, a composition written for this ensemble |
string quartet
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ABA
-often the third movement of a symphony, sonata, or string quartet. -consists of two minuets, the second (trio) lighter and more lyrical than the first |
minuet and trio
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