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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Absorbed |
taken in |
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Accommodation |
the eye's ability to change focus |
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Acid Rain |
rain water which is made more acidic by pollutant gases |
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Acrosome |
part of the the sperm that contains enzymes |
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Active Immunity |
you have immunity if your immune system recognises a pathogen and fights it |
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Active site |
the place on an enzyme where the substrate molecule binds |
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Active Transport |
in active transport, cells use energy to transport substances through cell membranes against a concentration gradient |
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Adaptations |
features that organisms have to help them survive in their environment |
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Adrenaline |
hormone produced by adrenal glands |
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Aerating |
increasing the amount of air in soil |
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Aerobic Respiration |
respiration that involves oxygen |
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Agglutination |
when red blood cells group together |
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Alcohol |
substance made by the fermentation of yeast |
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Alginate |
chemical used to immobilise enzymes |
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Allele |
inherited characteristics are carried as pairs of alleles on pairs of chromosomes. Different forms of a gene are different alleles |
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Amino Acids |
small molecules from which proteins are built |
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Amniocentesis |
test during pregnancy for foetal abnormalities |
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Amylase |
enzyme that digests starch |
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Anaerobic Respiration |
respiration without using oxygen |
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Antagonistic muscles |
pair of muscles working together, as one contracts the other relaxes |
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Antibiotic |
therapeutic drug acting to kill bacteria which is taken into the body |
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Antibody |
protein normally present in the body or produced in response to an antigen which it neutralises, thus producing an immune response |
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Anti-coagulant |
chemical that stops blood clotting |
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Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH) |
hormone which controls re-absorption of water in kidneys (controls water levels in the blood) |
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Antigen |
any substance that stimulates the production of antibodies- on the surface of red blood cells determine blood group |
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Antiseptic |
used to kill micro-organisms in wounds |
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Antiviral Drug |
therapeutic drug acting to kill viruses |
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Arteries |
blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart |
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Aseptic technique |
precautions taken to ensure there is no contamination when growing bacteria |
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Asexual reproduction |
reproduction involving only one parent |
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Assaying |
technique used in genetic engineering to find out if bacteria have taken up the genes |
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Asthma |
condition where airways are inflamed and constricted |
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ATP |
molecule used to store energy in the body |
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Auxin |
a type of plant hormone |
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Axon |
part of neurone that carries nerve impulse |
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Bacteria |
single-celled micro-organisms which can either be free-living organisms or parasites (they sometimes invade the body and cause disease) |
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Balanced symbol equation |
a symbolic representation showing the kind and amount of the starting materials and products of a reaction |
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Binary fission |
reproduction in bacteria |
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Binocular vision |
the ability to maintain visual focus on an object with both eyes, creating a single visual image |
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Binomial System |
the scientific way of naming an organism |
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Biodiversity |
range of different living organisms in a habitat |
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Biofuels |
fuels made from plants- these can been burned in power stations |
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biogas |
bio-fuel containing methane |
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Biological catalyst |
molecules in the body that speed up chemical reactins |
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Biological Control |
A natural predator is released to reduce the number of pests infesting a crop |
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Biological indicators |
organisms living in water:their presence or absence tells scientists how polluted water is |
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Biomass |
waste wood and other natural materials which are burned in power stations |
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Blind Trial |
a drugs trial where volunteers do not know which treatment they are receiving |
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Blood pressure |
force with which blood presses against the walls of the blood vessels |
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Blood Sugar Level |
amount of glucose in the blood |
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Blood Transfusion |
when blood from one person is put into another person (the two people must have compatible blood groups) |
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Body Mass Index (BMI) |
measure of someone's weight in relation to their height |
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Bone Marrow |
Centre of long bones |
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Cancer |
life threatening condition where body cells divide uncontrollably |
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Capillaries |
small blood vessels that join arteries to veins |
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Captive Breeding |
breeding a species in zoos to maintain the wild population |
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Carbohydrates |
chemicals found in all living things. They contain the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. |
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Carbon |
a very important element, its present in all living things and forms a huge range of compounds with other elements |
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Carbon Cycle |
a natural cycle which it carbon moves by respiration, photosynthesis and combustion in the form of carbon dioxide |
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Carbon Dioxide (CO2) |
gas as present in the atmosphere at a low percentage but important in respiration, photosynthesis and combustion; a greenhouse gas which is emitted into the atmosphere as a by-product of combustion |
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Carbon Footprint |
the total amount of greenhouse gases given off by a person in a given time |
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Carbon Monoxide |
poisonous gas made when fuels burn in a shortage of oxygen |
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Carnivore |
animal that eats other animals (meat eater) |
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Carotene |
plant pigment involved in photosynthesis |
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cartilage |
softer and more flexible than bone, found in internal skeletons |
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Cell Differentiation |
when cells become specialised |
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Cell Membrane |
layer around a cell which helps to control substances entering and leaving the cells |
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Central Nervous System (CNS) |
collectively the brain and spinal cord |
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CFCs |
gases which used to be used in refrigerators and which harm the ozone layer |
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Chemical Digestion |
enzymes carry out chemical digestion when they break down large food molecules into smaller ones |
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Chlorophyll |
pigment found in plants which is used in photosynthesis (gives plant its green colour) |
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Cholesterol |
fatty substance which can block blood vessels |
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Chromosomes |
thread-like structures in the cell nucleus that carry genetic information |
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Clone |
genetically identical copy |
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Closed Circulatory System |
blood carried in blood vessels |
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Coalesce |
join together/move as one |
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Coherent |
waves having the same frequency, amplitude and phase (or constant phase difference) |
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Collagen |
protein used for support in animal cells |
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Colloids |
a liquid that has small particles dispersed it that do not settle |
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Community |
all the p |