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27 Cards in this Set
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Amblyomma americanum
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Lone Star Tick
causes tick worry/paralysis Kills 50% fawn crop transmits: Theileria cervi (deer protozoan), Franciscella tularensis, Ehrlichia ewingi (canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis), E. chaffeensis (human monocytic ehrlichiosis), Southern Tick associated Rash illness (stari), Borrellia (lyme disease) |
Range: OK, Kansas, and Missouri eastward
3 host tick with broad host range, feed all over body Larva: birds, rodents nymphs: same + ruminants and cold blooded vertebrates adults: all mammals active in >50F and overwinter in ground litter |
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Amblyomma Varigetum
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Tropical Bont Tick
lesion often associated with other infections, especially Dermatophilus congolensis (fungus causes lumpy wool disease/sporothricosis), Ehrlichia ruminantium (heartwater disease) |
Range: africa, SA, Caribbean *not in US*
3 host tick immature (L+N): birds adults: ruminants Very large tick |
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Amblyomma cajenense
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Cayenne Tick
can transmit Ehrlichi ruminantium (rickettsia associated with heartwater) painful bite |
Range:South TX to SA
3 host tick, prefers large host but isn't picky, feeds anywhere on body immatures: birds, coyotes, raccoons, man adults: all farm animals + javelina -feed march to may |
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Amblyomma maculatum
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Gulf Coast Tick
viscious biter that causes "gotch ear" wounds attract screwworm infestations horse's economic threshold = 1 tick transmits E. Ruminantium (heartwater), transmits Hepatozoon americanum (dog protozoan) treat with pyrethroid ear tags |
Range: Gulf/alantic coast as far inward as kansas
3 host tick: l: sml birds, feeds from Dec-feb n: birds (Feb-april), sml mammals a:ruminants (aug-sept) feeds on pinna of ear of large mmmalian hosts |
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Amblyomma
general characteristics |
3 host tick
southern or out of country usually feeds anywhere on body usually feeds on birds/sml mammals-->then lrg mammals usually ruminants large mouthparts-->painful bite |
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Rhipicephalus [Boophilus]
general characteristics |
one host tick
eradicated from US |
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Rhipicephalus [Boophilus] annulatus
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cattle fever tick
vector of Babesia bigemina: bovine babesiosis/ TX cattle fever |
1 host tick
eradicated from US, found in Mexico, S/C America, Africa, SE Europe Feeds mostly on cattle, rarely WTD etc attach everywhere |
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Rhipicephalus [Boophilus) microplus
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Tropical Cattle Tick
transmits Babesia bigemina +B. bovis: bovine babesiosis (transovarially transmitted) transmits Anaplasma marginale (cattle rickettsia) transstadially or intrastadially in males Mexico erradication unsuccessful-> acaride resistant ticks |
1 host tick
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Rhipicephalus decoloratus
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Babesia bovis, B. bigemia (bovine babesia)
Anaplasma marginale (cattle rickettsia) *incomplete:see notes online* |
geo range: Africa, India, Yemen
host range: ruminants, horses, rarely humans, wild animals: antelopes |
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Rhipicephalus appendicultus
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theileria parva parva: east coast fever in cattle
*incomplete: see notes online* |
geo range: east and central Africa
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Rhipicephalus
general characteristics |
in africa feeds on cattle mostly
in US feeds exclusively on dogs |
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Rhipicephalus sanguineus
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Brown Dog Tick
Babesia canis Babesia gibsoni (canine prozoan) Ehrlichia canis (canine Rickettsi) |
urbn tick in N. America
3 host tick with all 3 stages on dogs multivoltine (>2 generations/year) in africa feeds on cattle and other hosts |
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Dermacentor albipictus
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Winter Tick
Tick worry, hair loss, phantom moose in Canada Anaplasma marginale (cattle ricketsia) Babesia caballi (horse protazoan) transovar tick paralysis |
One host tick
active Oct-Mar peak in Nov/Dec Deer, cattle, horse axillary, escutcheon, flanks, dewlaps |
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Dermacentor andersoni
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Rocky Mountain Wood Tick
Anaplasma marginale (rickettsia cattle) transstadially Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (Rickettsia rickettsia) man and dog Colorado Tick fever (virus) tick paralysis, may kill calves/sml mammals |
3 host tick
immatures: small mammals adults: horse, man, ruminants most active in Spring |
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Dermacentor variabilis
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American Dog Tick
most common vector of R. rickettsia (rmsf) Cytauxzoon felis (cat protozoan) Potentially: Theileria (babesia) equi and Babesia caballi both horse protazoan |
range: eastern 2/3 US inc TX + W. coast
3 host tick immatures: small mammals adult: dog, wild cats, man, imm. lrg mammals |
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Dermacentor occidentalis
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Pacific Coast Tick
anaplasm marginale (ruminant rickettsia) tick paralysis |
3 host tick
adults only stage that normally feeds on horses/cattle range: pacific coast |
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Dermacentor (Anocentor) nitens
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Tropical Horse Tick
rapid buildup of population equine ear rick, feed on mane/tail too primary vector of Babesia caballi (horse protozoan) cause ear damage, secondary infections may occur |
range: south and central America, lower rio grande valley TX, southern Florida
1 host tick horse, occasionally ruminants |
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Ixodes
general charcteristics |
anal groove in front of anus
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Ixodes scapularis
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black legged Tick
Babesia microti (human protozoan) primary vector of Lyme disease in North north: larva-->mice, nymphys-->humans south: larva-->lizards,nyphys-->humans Babesia odocoilei (WTD prot) Anaplasma phagocytophilum (ricketsia hum/livestock) tick born fever |
range: eastern US including East TX
3 host tick w/ 2 year lifecycle imm: birds/lizards, sml mam, humans adults: ruminants, horses body tick, active winter/spring |
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Ixodes pacificus
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Western Blacklegged Tick
vector of Lyme disease (spirochete) |
pacific coast
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haemaphysalis
general characteristics |
3 host tick
larva/nymph small rodents/birds adults: rabbits |
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haemaphysalis leporispalustrus
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rabbit tick
Franciscella tularensis (bact) tularemia R. rickettsi RMSF btn rabbits |
usually feeds on rabbits but ocasionaly found on cats
feed around ears/eyes |
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soft tick general characteristics
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mouthparts ventral attached
no scutum body surface is spiny, knobby or pitted intermittent feeders that can go years w/o feeding several nymphal stages w/ molts after blood meals |
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soft tick life cycle
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similiar to hard tick except multiple molts w/i a stage
majority of soft ticks leave host after each feeding--> only few hours on host adults take numerous blood meals w/o molting |
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Otobius megnini
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Soft tick: spinose ear tick
only species found deep in ear canal -otitis externa/media, head tilt, head butting/shaking many led to mm. fasciculation and colic signs--> due to tick toxin? |
range: SW United States
abberrant 1 host tick only larva/nymph parasitic adults do not feed, mate off host only species found deep in ear canal all domestic mammals |
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Argas persicus
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Soft tick: Blue bug
severe anemia |
poultry, occasionaly other hosts
feed at night treat nest/bedding-->not host |
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Ornithodorus spp.
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Soft tick
Relapsing fever, Borrelia spp (spirochete) Borellia coriaceae--> epizootic bovine abortion in CA |
range:western US inc. TX
live off hosts in soil and sheltered areas and can live for years as unfed nymphs/adults feed on variety of host:bats/birds, rodents, domestic mammals, humans |