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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is CHRONIC HYPERPLASTIC PULPITIS?
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Unique pattern of pulpal inflammation where the pulp tissue reacts to injury by undergoing hyperplasia
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What is the etiology of PULP POLYP?
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- open chronic pulpitis
- ample blood supply - increased regenerative capacities of young pulpal tissue |
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PULP POLYPS are generally found in which teeth?
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Molars of children/ young adults
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What is the treatment for PULP POLYP?
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- endodontic therapy
- extraction |
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Occurence of PULPAL CALCIFICATIONS increases with what two factors?
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- aging
- trauma/caries |
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What are PULP STONES?
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Spherical calcifications formed within the coronal portions of the pulp.
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Prominent PULPAL CALCIFICATIONS have been associated with what two conditions?
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- Dentin Dysplasia Type II
- Ehlers Danlos Syndrome |
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What is the treatment for PULPAL CALCIFICATIONS?
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No treatment required
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What is a PERIAPICAL ABCESS?
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accumulation of acute inflammatory cells at the apex of a non-vital tooth
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What is the etiology of a PERIAPICAL ABCESS?
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- often associated with a non-vital tooth
- may be symptomatic or asymptomatic - spreads along path of least resitance |
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What is a PARULIS?
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- gum boil
- an intraoral opening of a sinus tract that often presents as an erythematous mass of subacutely inflamed granulation tissue |
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What is the treatment for a PERIAPICAL ABCESS?
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- drainage
- elimination of the focus of infection: reduction of occlusion, analgesic and Abx, endodontic therapy |
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What is a PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA?
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a mass of chronically inflamed granulation tissue at the apex of a nonvital tooth
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PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA can arise from which two conditions?
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- initial periapical pathosis
- progression of a periapical abcess |
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What are the radiographic features of PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA?
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- radiolucency with loss of apical lamina dura
- well circumscribed or ill defined - root resorption may occur |
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What is a complication of PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA?
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may transform into a periapical cyst
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What is a PERIAPICAL CYST?
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Inflammation stimulates epithelium at the apex of a nonvital tooth to form a true epithelium lined cyst
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What are the two etiological sources of PERIAPICAL CYSTS?
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- source of epithelium
- source of inflammation |
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What are the epithelial sources of PERIAPICAL CYST?
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- usually rest of Malassez
- crevicular epithelium - sinus lining - epithelial lining of fistula tract |
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What are the inflammatory sources of PERIAPICAL CYST?
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- peridontal disease
- pulpal necrosis with spread through lateral foramen |
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What is a complication with PERIAPICAL CYST?
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Rarely squamous cell carcinoma has been reported within them.
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What is a FIBROUS PERIAPICAL SCAR?
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Defect created by the periapical lesion is filled with dense fibrous tissue instead of bone (when facial and lingual cortical plates have been lost)
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What is OSTEOMYELITIS?
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Acute or Chronic inflammatory process in the medullary spaces or cortical surfaces of bone that extend away from the initial site of involvement.
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What majority of OSTEOMYELITIS cases are caused by what?
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Bacterial infection.
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What is ACUTE SUPPURATIVE OSTEOMYELITIS?
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Acute inflammation process spreads through the medullary spaces of the bone. There is insufficient time for the body to react to the presence of the inflammatory infiltrate.
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What conditions pre-dispose people to OSTEOMYELITIS?
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- chronic systemic diseases
- immunocompromised status - disorders associated with decreased vascularity of bone |
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Most cases of ACUTE SUPP. OSTEOMYELITIS arise after what two events?
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- odontogenic infections
- traumatic fracture of the jaws |
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Which two bacteria are most frequently involved in cases of OSTEOMYELITIS?
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Staphylococci
Streptococci |
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What are the signs and symptoms of ACUTE SUPP. OSTEOMYELITIS?
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- pain
- fever - lymphadenopathy - leukocytosis - significant sensitivity - soft tissue swelling - less than 1 MONTH duration |
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Define SEQUESTRUM"
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drainage or exfoliation of a fragment of necrotic bone
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Define INVOLUCRUM:
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When a fragment of necrotic bone becomes surrounded by vital bone
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What are the radiographic features of ACUTE SUPP. OSTEOMYELITIS?
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- significant resorption of trabecular bone
- diffusely blotchy area - motted with indistinct margins - islands of residual bone (sequestra) |
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What is the treatment of ACUTE SUPP. OSTEOMYELITIS?
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- surgical intervention to establish drainage and remove sequestra
- use of antibiotics - |
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What is CHRONIC SUPP. OSTEOMYELITIS?
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Defensive response leads to the production of granulation tissue which subsequently forms dense scar in attempt to wall off the infected area. Encircled dead space acts as a reservoir for bacteria, and antibiotics can't reach the site. Begins to evolve 1 month after spread of infection.
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What are the two etiological patterns of CHRONIC SUPP. OSTEOMYELITIS?
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- sequela of acute osteomyelitis
- low grade inflammatory reaction that never went through an acute phase |
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Which area is affected more frequently in cases of OSTEOMYELITIS?
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Mandible
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What are the radiographic features of CHRONIC OSTEOMYELITIS?
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patchy, ragged, ill-defined radiolucency often with central radiopaque sequestra
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What is the treatment for CHRONIC SUPP. OSTEOMYELITIS?
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- removal of all infected and necrotic tissue mandatory
- antibiotics but IV in high doses - hyperbaric oxygen in difficult cases to stimulate vascularization, collagen synth and osteogenesis - weakened jaw bones must be immobilized |
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What is DIFFUSE SCLEROSING OSTEOMYELITIS?
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obvious infection process directly is responsible for sclerosis of bone
- increased radiodensity develops around sites of chronic infection such as periodontisis, pericoronitis, and apical inflammatory disease. |
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What is CONDENSING OSTEITIS?
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A focal bony reaaction to low-grade inflammatory stimulus, seen at the apex of a tooth with long-standing pulpitis or pulpal necrosis
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CONDENSING OSTEITIS occurs most frequently in...
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- children and young adults
- at apices of Mn premolars and molars |
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What are the radiographic features of CONDENSING OSTEITIS?
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localized, uniform zone of increased radiodensity adjacent to the apex of a tooth that exhibits a thickened pariodontal ligament space or apical inflammatory lesion.
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What is the treatment for CONDENSING OSTEITIS?
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- resolution of odontogenic infection, endo or extraction
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What is a BONE SCAR?
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residual area of condensing osteitis which remains after resolution of inflammatory focus
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What is OSTEOMYELITICS WITH PROLIFERATIVE PERIOSTITIS?
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Periosteal reaction to presence of inflammation
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What is the most common cause of GARRE's OSTEOMYELITIS?
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dental caries associated with periapical inflammatory disease
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An open apex in CHRONIC HYPERPLASTIC PULPITIS can help reduce what?
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Pulpal necrosis
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What things have been associated with increased frequency of OSTEOMYELITITS?
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- tobacco use
- alcohol abuse - IV drug abuse - diabetes mellitus - malnutrition - AIDS - Radiation |
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Define "BONE SCAR":
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Residual area of condensing osteitis which remains after resolution of inflammatory focus
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How long does bone remodelling normally take after OSTEOMYELITIS?
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6-12 months
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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CHRONIC HYPERPLASTIC PULPITIS (pulp polyp)
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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CHRONIC HYPERPLASTIC PULPITIS (pulp polyp)
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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CHRONIC HYPERPLASTIC PULPITIS (pulp polyp)
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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CHRONIC HYPERPLASTIC PULPITIS (pulp polyp)
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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CHRONIC HYPERPLASTIC PULPITIS (pulp polyp)
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PULP STONES
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PULP STONES
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PULP STONES
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PULP STONES
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PARULIS
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PARULIS
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PARULIS
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PARULIS
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PARULIS
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PARULIS
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PARULIS
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PARULIS
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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CONDENSING OSTEITIS
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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CONDENSING OSTEITIS
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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CONDENSING OSTEITIS
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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CONDENSING OSTEITIS
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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CONDENSING OSTEITIS
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Identify the inflammatory lesions:
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BONE SCAR
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