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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Periodontium |
the functional system of tissues that surrounds the teeth and attaches them to the jaw bone. The periodontium is also called the “supporting tissues of the teeth” and “the attachment apparatus”. |
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Gingiva |
the part of the mucosa that surrounds the cervical portions of the teeth and covers the alveolar processes of the jaws. |
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PDL |
a thin sheet of fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the roots of the teeth and joins the root cementum with the bone of the tooth socket. |
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Cementum |
a mineralized layer of connective tissue that covers the root of the tooth; anatomically, cementum is part of the tooth; however, it also part of the periodontium. |
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Alveolar Bone |
the bone that surrounds the roots of the teeth. It forms the bony sockets that support and protect the roots of the teeth. |
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Gingival Margin |
the thin, rounded edge of free gingiva that forms the coronal boundary, or upper edge, of the gingiva. In health, the gingival margin contacts the tooth slightly coronal to the cementoenamel junction. |
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Alveolar Mucosa |
the apical boundary, or lower edge, of the gingiva; it can be distinguished easily from the gingiva by its dark red color and smooth, shiny surface. |
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Free Gingival Groove |
a shallow linear depression that separates the free and attached gingiva; this line may be visible clinically but is not obvious in many instances. |
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Mucogingival Junction |
the clinically visible boundary where the pink attached gingiva meets the red, shiny alveolar mucosa. |
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Free Gingiva |
the unattached portion of the gingiva that surrounds the tooth in the region of the cementoenamel junction; also known as the unattached gingiva or the marginal gingiva. |
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Attached Gingiva |
the part of the gingiva that is fi rm, dense, and tightly connected to the cementum on the cervical third of the root or to the periosteum (connective tissue cover) of the alveolar bone. |
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Stippling |
the dimpled appearance, similar to an orange peel, that may be visible on the surface of the attached gingiva. |
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Interdental Gingiva |
the portion of the gingiva that fills the interdental embrasure between two adjacent teeth apical to the contact area. The interdental gingiva consists of two interdental papillae. |
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Gingival Sulcus |
the space between the free gingiva and the tooth surface. |
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Gingival Crevicular Fluid |
a fluid that flows into the sulcus from the adjacent gingival connective tissue; the fl ow is slight in health and increases in disease. |
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Alveolar Bone |
the bone that surrounds the roots of the teeth. It forms the bony sockets that support and protect the roots of the teeth. |
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Alveolar Process |
the bone of the upper or lower jaw that surrounds and supports the roots of the teeth. |
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Alveolar Bone Proper |
the thin layer of bone that lines the socket to surround the root of the tooth (also called the cribriform plate); the ends of the periodontal ligament fibers are embedded in the alveolar bone proper. |
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Alveolus |
the bony socket; a cavity in the alveolar bone that houses the root of a tooth. |
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Cortical Bone |
a layer of compact bone that forms the hard, outside wall of the mandible and maxilla on the facial and lingual aspects; cortical bone surrounds the alveolar bone proper and gives support to the socket. |
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Alveoar Crest |
the most coronal portion of the alveolar process. In health, the alveolar crest is located 1–2 mm apical to (below) the cementoenamel junctions (CEJ) of the teeth. |
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Cancellous Bone |
the lattice-like bone that fi lls the interior portion of the alveolar process between the cortical bone and the alveolar bone proper; cancellous bone is oriented around the tooth to form support for the alveolar bone proper. |
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Periosteum |
a dense membrane composed of fibrous connective tissue that closely wraps the outer surface of the alveolar bone; it consists of an outer layer of collagenous tissue and an inner layer of fine elastic fibers. |
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Innervation |
nerve supply; innervation to the periodontium occurs via the branches of the trigeminal nerve. |
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Anastomose |
to join together; in the periodontium, a complex system of blood vessels supplies blood to the periodontal tissues. |
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Lymphatic System |
a network of lymph nodes connected by lymphatic vessels that plays an important role in the body’s defense against infection. |
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Lymph Nodes |
small, bean-shaped structures located on either side of the head, neck, armpits, and groin; these nodes filter out and trap bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other unwanted substances to safely eliminate them from the body. |