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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
EPS- Extrapyramidal Symptoms
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- abnormal body movements
--- Involuntary fine motor tremors --- rigidity --- uncontrollable dystonia --- acute dystonias (spastic movements/muscle rigidity____ > affects head, neck, eyes, facial area & limbs) - occur w/in few hrs or months - r/t CNS meds used to treat mental health disorders |
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CNS stimulation (excitement)
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- risk for seizures
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CNS depression
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- advise not to drive/particpate in other dangerous activites
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Anticholinergic effects
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- seen in eye, smooth muscle, exocrine glands and heart
- dry mouth (sip liquids, 2-3 L/day, sugarless gum) - photophobia (sunglasses) - urinary retention (pee before meds) - blurred vision - constipation (eat high fiber) - tachycardia |
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Cardiovascular effects
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- involve blood vessels and heart
- antihypertensives cause orthostatic hypotension |
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GI effects
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- r/t irritation, stimulation of vomiting center
- NSAIDS cause GI upset ____ (take w/ food) |
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Hematologic effects
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- potentially life threatening
- bone marrow depression/suppression > r/t anticancer meds, hemorrhagic disorders, anticoagulants, thrombolitics - educate s/s of bleeding to pt using anticoagulants > bruising, petechiae, bleeding gums, discolored urine/stool |
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S/S of bleeding
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- bruising
- petechiae - bleeding gums - discolored urine/stool |
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Hepatotoxicity
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- liver cells damaged
> resulting in impaired metabolism of medication - liver function test for meds known to be hepatotoxic at the start of regime and periodically after |
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Nephrotoxicity
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- damage to kidneys
> medication excretion interfered - result of 1. Antimicrobial agents **AMINOGLYCOSIDES** 2. NSAIDS - Monitor serum Creatinine and BUN |
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Toxicity r/t Tylenol (Acetaminophen)
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- Liver damage r/t overdose
- risk greater with alcohol use - antidote: acetylcysetine (Mucomyst) > minimizes liver damage |
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Tylenol (Acetaminophen) Antidote
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acetylcysetine (Mucomyst)
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Anaphylactic reaction
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- life threatening IMMEDIATE allergic reaction
- S/S include - respiratory distress - severe bronchospasms - cardiovascular collapse TREAT: epinephrine, bronchodilators, antihistamines PROVIDE: respiratory support, Inform provider |
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Anaphylactic reaction treatment
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TREAT: epinephrine, bronchodilators, antihistamines
PROVIDE: respiratory support, Inform provider |
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Immonosuppression
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- Glucocorticoids depress immune response
- risk for infection___monitor for s/s |
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Diazepam (Valium)
___taken with hydrocodone bitartrate 5mg/acetaminophen 500mg (Vicodin) |
- increase side/adverse effects
- both CNS depressant effects thus increase risk for CNS depression |
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Phenytoin (dilantin)
___taken with Warfarin (Coumadin) |
- decrease therapeutic effects
{ 1 med increases metabolism of other = decrease serum level and effectiveness of 2nd med)} - Phenytoin (dilantin) decreases the effect of warafin (coumadin) |
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Fluconazole (Diflucan)
___taken with Aripiprazole (Abilify) |
- increases serum levels, leading to toxicity
{ 1 med decrease metabolism of 2nd = increase serum level of 2nd } - Fluconazole (Diflucan) inhibits hepatic medication-metabolizing enzymes that affect ariprprazole (Abilify) = increase serum levels of Abilify |
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Antacids --
interfere with... when to take... |
- interfere with
> absorption of ranitidine (Zantac) and other meds - take antacids 1 hr apart form other medications |
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Med Food Interaction:
-Tyramine -Vitamin K -Tetracycline |
-Tyramine
- dont consume with MAOIs, lead to hypertensive crisis -Vitamin K - taken with Warfarin (Coumadin) leads to decreas theraputic effect of med - thus at risk for blood clots - keep vitamin K intake consistent -Tetracycline - interact with a chelating agent (milk) - do not take tetracycline within 2hrs of consuming any dairy product |
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Pregnancy Risk Categories: A, B, C, D, X
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A: no risk to fetus
B: no risk to animal fetus no adequate study in pregnant women C: adverse effects (AE) seen on animal fetus no adequate study in pregnant women use may be warranted r/t potential benefits D: AE on fetus use may be warranted r/t potential benefits X: AE on animal and human fetus CONTRADICTED during pregnancy |
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Concurrent use
Warfarin (coumadin) with Aspirin |
- aspirin decrease platelet aggregation
- warafin suppresses coagulation Result when taken together.... RISK OF BLEEDING |