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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Carl Klockars 4 elements of police control |
Authority power persuation force |
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Richard Quinney |
Argued that society is held together by force and constraint that laws and rules are nothing without punishment. |
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Jeffery Reiman |
Public has right to set criteria for judgments Limits on citizens must create a net increase of freedom. Public surrenders right to use force and loans it to police. |
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NYC police force founded |
1845 |
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America's initial reluctance for police officers |
Reminded of the british colonial army Politicians fighting for control of department |
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Social contract for modern policing |
Police serve the public but the public must hold the police accountable for any wrongdoing. |
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Co-production of police services |
Police need a cooperative public to be effective in crime control. |
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Weitzer and Tuch's findings |
The existance of community policing in ones neighborhood increases satisfaction with the police regardless of race |
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August Vollmer |
Police chief of Berkley from 1905 to 1932. Early reformer As social problems become more complex so should policing. |
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Predispositional model of police behavior |
Recruits tend to be more authoritarian than the general population. |
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Professionalization |
Norms and values being internalized by professionals |
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Ethos of bravery |
A part of police subculture where officers are only respected if they can handle dangerous situations |
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Ethos of autonomy |
Police hold a high value to thier ability to use discretion. |
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Postulates |
Statements that contibute to a culture with regards to police effecting |
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Police discretion justification |
vague laws limited resources community alienation the need to individualize the law |
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operational style |
A set of beliefs an officer develops to guide their behavior and how they use discretion |
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Beuacratic and professional Police departments |
more focused on a military like heierarchy with beuaceratic also generally bigger departments education, service are professional |
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Environmental variables that effect police discretion |
racial composition heterogeneiety neighborhood crime rate socioeconomic status |
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Coercive actions by police |
Determined mainly by suspicion of the suspect only non behvioral |
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When the complainant prefferes an arrest. |
It is more likely an arrest will happen unless the relationship between the suspect and the complainant are close. |
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Officer characteristics |
young officers "work" more experienced ones work better with less force educated officers show little difference females are less likely to use force or make arrests |
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The three types of civilians police calssify |
Suspiscious persons a$$holes know nothings |
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"Real" Police work |
ex. cahseing a criminal, performing a search. anything that will enhance the officers self - image and morale |
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Patrol Work |
generally mundane tasks that fall under peacekeeping rather than crimefighting |
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Territorality |
when a police officer working the beat begins to feel territorial over the area he is patroling as he becomes more faliliar with it |
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maintaining the edge |
the need to maintain public order in their patrol area as a way to measure their performance and avoidance of criticism |
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The moral Mandate |
Police are representatives of moral order and are a part of it. |
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Affront |
Any challenge to a policemans autority, control, and definition of the immediate situation |
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when a officer castigates a citizen |
he know what he is doing and he can act differently |
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When an officer ignores a citizen |
They know what they are doing but they couldnt act differently under the circumstances |
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When an officer teaches a citizen
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They didnt know what they were doing but they could change how they act |
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When an officer isolates a citizen |
they dont know what they are doing and they cant change how they act "mental cases" |
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Sir Robert Peel |
founhded lonndons first professional police force |
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Mary Roger's effect on New York |
Her unsolved Death lead to the finding of a full time police force. with a police Cheif having more authority over officers |
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Patronage |
Cheifs had little authority political corruption infused decisions closeness with the public is a double edged sword |
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1890 - 1920 progessive movement |
Centralized command
better quality officers emphasis on civil service police became more concerned with law enforcement |
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Wickersham commission on Law Observance and Enforcement |
Encoraged reducing politics selecting cheifs and officers off merit improve salaries and working conditions physical standards hire females establish crime investigation and prevention |
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William H. Parker's LAPD |
Dismissed incompetent officers
implemented modern organizational principles greatly improved training |
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Changes after the Watts riot and disorder of the 1960s and 70's |
more minortiy officers higher educational standards enhance officer training improve oversight and discipline focus on community relations |
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Comstat |
detailed incident data to identify crime "hot spots" and allocate resources appropriately |
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PAtrol work lessons |
anyone can prove dangerous justice not always possible constant exposure to the unpleasant aspects of human nature |
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Pro - culture officers |
Distrust in citizens & supervisors favor agressive crime fighting relys on force and coercion |
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Con - culture officers |
Has favorable attitudes towards citizens and supervisors non agrexzsssive style that respects legal safeguards avoids force and coercion |
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Economy's effect on recruitment |
Strong economy reduces recruits weak econimies recruitment increases |
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Educational requirements in California |
requires graduation from high school |
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Entry examination process |
Written exam
Oral Interview must meet state requirements background check physical psyc medical |
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Academy training |
knowlege skills and abilities for patrol work (KSA) ride alongs |
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On the job straining |
refine skills learn new skills for a array of asignments |
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Stress academies |
Militaristic models
instill discipline and enhance teamwork |
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Collegiate - style Academies
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modeled on higher education tailored for individual may not reach those who are undisciplined |
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Field training |
command presence when to apply force and coercion in depth law and procedures evaluation by other officers |